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Pepsinogen is produced by______________ and is activated by__________

A.

chief cells; hydrochloric acid (HCI): parietal cells

B.

chief cells; carbonic anhydrase (CAH); parietal cells

C.

parietal cells; carbonic anhydrase (CAH); chief cells

D.

parietal cells; hydrochloric acid (HCI); chief cells

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Chief cells; hydrochloric acid (HCl); parietal cells: Pepsinogen is produced by chief cells, and it is activated into pepsin by hydrochloric acid (HCl) secreted by parietal cells.

B. Chief cells; carbonic anhydrase (CAH); parietal cells: Chief cells produce pepsinogen, but it is not activated by carbonic anhydrase. Instead, it is activated by HCl.

C. Parietal cells; carbonic anhydrase (CAH); chief cells: Pepsinogen is produced by chief cells, not parietal cells, and its activation involves HCl, not carbonic anhydrase.

D. Parietal cells; hydrochloric acid (HCl); chief cells: Pepsinogen is produced by chief cells, not parietal cells, and is activated by HCl.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Azotemia is a condition characterized by elevated levels of nitrogenous waste products in the blood, not a direct by-product of protein catabolism.

B. Creatinine is a by-product of muscle metabolism, not directly from protein catabolism.

C. Uric acid is a by-product of nucleic acid metabolism, not protein catabolism.

D. Urea is a primary by-product of protein catabolism, formed in the liver and excreted by the kidneys. This is the correct answer.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Liver; small intestine: Carbohydrate and protein digestion do not begin in the liver or the small intestine. The liver is involved in metabolism but not in the initial digestion of carbohydrates or proteins.

B. Mouth; stomach: Carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth with salivary amylase, while protein digestion begins in the stomach with pepsin.

C. Small intestine; stomach: Carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth and not the small intestine. Protein digestion starts in the stomach, not the small intestine.

D. Mouth; small intestine: Carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth, but protein digestion begins in the stomach, not the small intestine.

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