Physiological saline is 0.9% NaCl. Nurse Ima Fool is a bit distracted and makes a 9.0% NaCl solution. The tonicity of the solution is_ ____compared to inside a cell and would cause the patient's red blood cells to undergo
isotonic; nothing
hypotonic; crenation
hypertonic; crenation
hypertonic: lysis
The Correct Answer is C
A. isotonic; nothing: Isotonic means equal solute concentration. 0.9% NaCl is isotonic; 9.0% is much higher, so not isotonic.
B. hypotonic; crenation: A hypotonic solution has less solute than the cell. Crenation (shriveling) occurs in a hypertonic solution.
C. hypertonic; crenation: A 9.0% NaCl solution is hypertonic (more solutes than inside the cell). Water moves out of red blood cells, causing them to shrink or crenate.
D. hypertonic; lysis: Lysis (bursting) occurs in hypotonic solutions, where water enters the cell.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. enhance changes in the pH of solutions: A buffer does the opposite-it prevents drastic pH changes.
B. resist drastic changes in the pH of solutions: Buffers help maintain stable pH by neutralizing excess acids or bases (e.g., bicarbonate buffer system in blood).
C. have no effect on the pH of solutions: Buffers do affect pH-they stabilize it.
D. make a solution more acidic: Buffers don’t always make solutions acidic; they can neutralize both acids and bases.
E. make a solution more basic: Same rationale-buffers do not push pH in one direction, they resist change.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. homozygous recessive: That would be written as ww - both alleles being recessive.
B. homozygous dominant: WW means both alleles are dominant-this is homozygous dominant.
C. heterozygous dominant: That would be Ww-one dominant and one recessive allele.
D. heterozygous recessive: There is no such term; heterozygous always means one dominant and one recessive.
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