Salivary amylase is an enzyme produced by the salivary glands that breaks down carbohydrates. What will happen to this enzyme as it moves with the food into the stomach where the pH drops to 2.5?
The enzyme will denature and become inactive.
The enzyme will continue to function as it remains unchanged in chemical reactions.
The enzyme will assume an alternate form and catalyze additional reactions.
The enzyme will denature but retain its function.
The Correct Answer is A
A. The enzyme will denature and become inactive: Salivary amylase works best at a neutral to slightly basic pH, such as in the mouth. Once it reaches the stomach, the highly acidic environment disrupts its three-dimensional structure, causing denaturation and loss of activity
B. The enzyme will continue to function as it remains unchanged in chemical reactions: While enzymes are not consumed in reactions, their activity depends on pH and temperature. At a gastric pH of 2.5, salivary amylase cannot maintain its shape, so it stops functioning.
C. The enzyme will assume an alternate form and catalyze additional reactions: Enzymes are highly specific to their structure and active site. Once denatured, they do not take on new functional forms or catalyze new reactions.
D. The enzyme will denature but retain its function: Denaturation disrupts the enzyme’s active site, preventing substrate binding. If the enzyme denatures, it loses its catalytic ability entirely and cannot retain its original function.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. 2.8.1: This configuration represents sodium, which has one electron in its outermost shell. Atoms with only one valence electron are highly reactive because they tend to lose that electron easily to achieve a stable octet, making this an unstable atom.
B. 2: This configuration corresponds to helium, with two electrons filling its first shell completely. A filled shell makes the atom stable and chemically inert, so it is not reactive.
C. 2.8.8: This configuration corresponds to argon, which has a completely filled outer shell of eight electrons. A full valence shell makes the atom chemically stable and non-reactive under normal conditions.
D. 2.8: This configuration corresponds to neon, which has a full octet in the second shell. With a complete outer shell, neon is very stable and does not readily participate in chemical reactions.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Nitrogen base, pentose sugar, and phosphate group: Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids. Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine, or uracil), a five-carbon (pentose) sugar (ribose or deoxyribose), and one or more phosphate groups.
B. Nitrogen base, polysaccharide sugar, and phosphate group: Polysaccharides are long chains of sugars and are not components of nucleotides. Nucleotides contain a single pentose sugar, not a complex sugar.
C. Nitrogen base, disaccharide sugar, phosphate group: Disaccharides consist of two monosaccharides linked together and are not part of nucleotide structure.
D. Nitrogen base, hexose sugar, and phosphate group: Hexose sugars have six carbons, whereas nucleotides always contain a five-carbon pentose sugar.
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