The protein rods of the cell's cytoskeleton that function in muscle contractions, cleave furrow formation, and amoeboid movement of the cell are _______.
microtubules
microvilli
microfilaments
intermediate filaments
The Correct Answer is C
A. Microtubules: Microtubules are hollow protein cylinders that provide structural support, intracellular transport, and form the spindle apparatus during cell division. They are not primarily responsible for muscle contraction or amoeboid movement.
B. Microvilli: Microvilli are extensions of the plasma membrane that increase surface area for absorption, particularly in epithelial cells, and do not play a role in contraction or cell movement.
C. Microfilaments: Microfilaments are thin, actin-based protein filaments that support cell shape, enable muscle contraction, contribute to cleavage furrow formation during cytokinesis, and facilitate amoeboid movement, making them essential for dynamic cellular processes.
D. Intermediate filaments: Intermediate filaments provide tensile strength and structural stability to cells but do not actively participate in muscle contraction, cleavage furrow formation, or motility.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Glucose: Glucose is the immediate form of sugar circulating in the blood and used by cells for energy. However, it is not stored in large amounts inside the liver or skeletal muscles, as excess glucose must be converted into a storage form.
B. Cholesterol: Cholesterol is a lipid molecule involved in cell membrane structure and hormone synthesis. It is not a storage form of carbohydrates and is handled differently in the body compared to sugars and glycogen.
C. Triglycerides: Triglycerides are the main storage form of fats found in adipose tissue. They serve as long-term energy reserves but are not the form in which carbohydrates are stored in the liver or muscles.
D. Glycogen: Glycogen is the storage form of carbohydrates in the body, primarily stored in the liver and skeletal muscle. It serves as a readily available energy reserve that can be broken down to glucose when blood sugar drops or energy demands increase.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. The cells will shrink at first, but will later reach equilibrium with the surrounding solution and return to their original condition: If the solute cannot cross the membrane, the cells cannot regain water through solute equilibration, so they will not return to their original size.
B. The cells will show no change due to diffusion of both solute and solvent: In a hypertonic solution where the solute is impermeable, only water can move, so diffusion of solute does not occur and the cell will be affected by water loss.
C. The cells will lose water and shrink: Water moves out of the cell by osmosis to balance the higher extracellular solute concentration. The loss of water causes the cells to shrink, a process called crenation.
D. The cells will swell and ultimately burst: Swelling occurs in a hypotonic solution where water enters the cell due to lower solute concentration outside. In a hypertonic solution, the opposite occurs, so bursting does not happen.
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