Select the best room assignment for a newly admitted child with bacterial meningitis.
Private room that is bright and colorful and has developmentally appropriate activities available.
Semi-private room with a roommate who has bacterial meningitis but has received IV antibiotics for more than 24 hours.
Semi-private room with a roommate who also has bacterial meningitis.
Private room that is dark and quiet with minimal stimulation.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: A bright, colorful room with activities is inappropriate for bacterial meningitis, as patients are sensitive to light and noise due to meningeal irritation. Stimulation can increase intracranial pressure, worsening symptoms like headache and seizures, risking neurological deterioration in this acute condition.
Choice B reason: A semi-private room with a treated meningitis patient risks cross-infection, as antibiotic efficacy varies. Bacterial meningitis is highly contagious via droplets, and sharing a room, even post-treatment, increases transmission risk, compromising infection control and patient safety.
Choice C reason: A semi-private room with another meningitis patient increases cross-infection risk, as bacterial strains may differ. Droplet transmission in close proximity heightens the chance of worsening infection or superinfection, violating isolation protocols critical for managing this contagious neurological condition.
Choice D reason: A private, dark, quiet room minimizes stimulation, reducing intracranial pressure and discomfort in bacterial meningitis. Meningeal inflammation causes photophobia and phonophobia, and a low-stimulation environment supports neurological recovery, prevents seizures, and ensures droplet isolation to contain infection spread.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Increased insulin resistance relates to type 2 diabetes, not diabetes insipidus, which involves water balance, not glucose metabolism. Insulin resistance affects peripheral tissues’ response to insulin, causing hyperglycemia, unrelated to the pituitary’s role in antidiuretic hormone secretion.
Choice B reason: Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells causes type 1 diabetes, leading to insulin deficiency. Diabetes insipidus is a distinct condition involving antidiuretic hormone deficiency from the pituitary, affecting water reabsorption, not pancreatic function or glucose regulation.
Choice C reason: Decreased insulin production is associated with type 1 diabetes, not diabetes insipidus. The latter results from antidiuretic hormone deficiency, causing excessive water loss via urine. Insulin is irrelevant to the renal water retention mechanism disrupted in diabetes insipidus.
Choice D reason: Diabetes insipidus results from inadequate antidiuretic hormone secretion by the posterior pituitary, impairing renal water reabsorption. This leads to excessive dilute urine output, causing dehydration and thirst, the hallmark pathophysiology distinguishing it from diabetes mellitus, which involves glucose metabolism.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Congenital immunodeficiency is a contraindication for the MMR vaccine, a live attenuated vaccine, as it risks causing severe infection in immunocompromised children. Weakened immune systems cannot control live viruses, potentially leading to disseminated disease, making this a critical safety concern.
Choice B reason: A fever of 38.3°C (101°F) after prior immunizations is a common, transient reaction, not a contraindication for MMR. It indicates an immune response, not an ongoing condition preventing vaccination, allowing safe administration in healthy children without active severe illness.
Choice C reason: A mild cough and temperature of 37.7°C (99.9°F) are not contraindications for MMR. Minor respiratory symptoms do not impair immune response to the vaccine, and delaying immunization risks leaving the child unprotected against measles, mumps, and rubella.
Choice D reason: Antibiotics for otitis media are not a contraindication for MMR. Antibiotics treat bacterial infections, not affecting the immune response to a viral vaccine. Administering MMR during antibiotic therapy is safe, ensuring timely protection against these contagious diseases.
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