Sophia, an outpatient clinic nurse, is assessing a 78-year-old patient, Robert, with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which immunization should Sophia most strongly recommend that Robert receives annually?

Herpes Zoster

Hepatitis C

Influenza

Pneumococcal

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   This vaccine is recommended for adults over 50 years old to prevent shingles, but it is not typically administered annually.
B.   There is no routine annual immunization for Hepatitis C.
C.   Annual influenza vaccination is strongly recommended for patients with COPD to reduce the risk of influenza-related complications.
D.   While pneumococcal vaccination is important for patients with COPD, it is not administered annually in most cases.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The nurse should focus on teaching Paul about the dangers of using a tanning booth weekly, as this is the risk factor that he can modify. A tanning booth exposes the skin to artificial ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which can damage the DNA of skin cells and increase the risk of developing malignant melanoma.
B. Dysplastic nevi (atypical moles) are also a nonmodifiable risk factor for melanoma.

C. Family history of melanoma is a non-modifiable risk factor for melanoma unlike weekly use of a tanning booth which is modifiable.
D. Fair skin and blue eyes are additional risk factors for melanoma, but is non- modifiable.

A. 15 to 20 mm Hg B. 20 to 25 mm Hg C. 10 to 15 mm Hg D. 25 to 30 mm Hg

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. A CO2 level lower than 20 mm Hg can cause cerebral vasoconstriction and ischemia.

B. The target CO2 level for patients with closed head injury is 20 to 25 mm Hg, which corresponds to a mild hypocapnia that reduces intracranial pressure and improves cerebral blood flow.
C. A CO2 level lower than 20 mm Hg can cause cerebral vasoconstriction and ischemia.
D. A CO2 level higher than 25 mm Hg can increase intracranial pressure and worsen brain edema.

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Sophia, an outpatient clinic nurse, is assessing a 78-year-old patient, Robert, with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which immunization should Sophia most strongly recommend that Robert receives annually?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Paul, 25, uses a tanning booth weekly, has multiple dysplastic nevi, is fair-skinned with blue eyes, and his mother died of malignant melanoma. Which risk factor should the nurse focus on for teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Maria, 21, with a closed head injury is unconscious and on mechanical ventilation. Her ABG results show a CO2 level of 35 mm Hg. What should be the target CO2 level to optimize brain perfusion?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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