The active phase of normal, relaxed breathing is:
Exhalation
Apnea
Inhalation
Expiration
The Correct Answer is C
A. Exhalation is the passive phase of normal breathing and occurs without effort during relaxed respiration. It involves the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relaxing, allowing air to flow out of the lungs.
B. Apnea refers to a temporary cessation of breathing and is not a phase of normal breathing.
C. Inhalation is the active phase of normal, relaxed breathing. It requires energy as the diaphragm contracts and moves downward and the intercostal muscles contract to expand the chest cavity, allowing air to enter the lungs.
D. Expiration is another term for exhalation, which is passive during normal relaxed breathing.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Hypercapnia refers to elevated levels of carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the blood, which can occur due to respiratory problems or insufficient ventilation.
B. Hypoxemia is a condition where there is low oxygen in the blood, not related to carbon dioxide levels.
C. Hypocapnia refers to low levels of carbon dioxide in the blood, often caused by hyperventilation.
D. Hypoxia refers to low oxygen levels in the tissues, not the blood levels of carbon dioxide.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Effusion refers to the accumulation of fluid in the pleural space, not a substance that reduces surface tension in the alveoli.
B. Bicarbonate is an important component in the buffering system of the blood, but it does not reduce surface tension in the lungs.
C. Exudate is fluid that leaks out of blood vessels due to inflammation or injury, often seen in conditions like pneumonia or pleuritis, but it does not affect surface tension in the alveoli.
D. Surfactant is a lipid-protein mixture produced by type II alveolar cells in the lungs. It reduces surface tension in the alveoli, preventing the lungs from collapsing and making it easier to breathe.
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