Respiration is centrally regulated by the:
Cerebellum
Diencephalon
Cerebral cortex
Brain Stem
The Correct Answer is D
A. The cerebellum is involved in coordinating movement and balance but is not primarily responsible for regulating respiration.
B. The diencephalon is involved in sensory processing and regulation of autonomic functions but does not directly control respiration.
C. The cerebral cortex is involved in voluntary control over breathing (such as when you hold your breath), but the central regulation of breathing is managed by the brainstem.
D. The brainstem (specifically the medulla oblongata and pons) is the primary control center for respiration. It regulates the rate and depth of breathing by responding to levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Inspiration is the phase when air is drawn into the lungs and alveoli.
B. Inhalation is synonymous with inspiration, referring to the process of taking air into the lungs.
C. Compliance refers to the ability of the lungs to stretch and expand, not a phase of ventilation.
D. Exhalation (or expiration) is the phase where air is expelled from the alveoli, moving out of the lungs and through the respiratory tract.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The epiglottis is a flap of cartilage located at the base of the tongue that covers the trachea (windpipe) during swallowing. This directs food and liquids into the esophagus and prevents them from entering the airway.
B. The conchae (or turbinates) are structures inside the nasal cavity that help warm and humidify air, not related to swallowing food or liquids.
C. The glottis is the opening between the vocal cords that leads to the trachea, but it is not responsible for directing food into the esophagus.
D. The Adam's apple is part of the larynx and is primarily related to voice production, not swallowing.
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