The nurse assesses a patient's neurologic function. Which sign could indicate injury to the cerebellum? Select all that apply.

Uncoordinated finger-nose-finger test

Smooth, balanced gait

Lost sense of smell

Positive Romberg test

Slow alternating movements

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,D,E

A. Uncoordinated finger-nose-finger test: The cerebellum coordinates voluntary muscle activity and precision. Dysmetria, or the inability to hit a target, indicates a lesion in the cerebellar hemispheres. This lack of coordination reflects a failure in the fine-tuning of motor signals.

B. Smooth, balanced gait: A steady and rhythmic gait indicates intact cerebellar function and proper integration of sensory input. The cerebellum normally maintains equilibrium and posture during ambulation. This finding suggests the absence of cerebellar ataxia or motor pathway interference.

C. Lost sense of smell: Anosmia results from damage to the first cranial nerve, the olfactory nerve. The cerebellum does not process sensory information related to olfaction. This deficit is associated with the anterior cranial fossa or nasal mucosa rather than hindbrain structures.

D. Positive Romberg test: This test assesses stationary balance by removing visual cues. A positive result, where the patient sways or falls, indicates vestubulocerebellar dysfunction or loss of proprioception. It highlights an inability of the cerebellum to maintain truncal stability.

E. Slow alternating movements: Dysdiadochokinesia is the medical term for the inability to perform rapid, alternating movements. It is a classic sign of cerebellar impairment. The cerebellum normally sequences the timing of agonist and antagonist muscle contractions for fluid motion.

Nursing Test Bank

Test Bank #1: RN Pharmacology Exams Test Bank #2: RN Medical-Surgical Exams Test Bank #3: RN Fundamentals Exams Test Bank #4: RN Maternal-Newborn Exams Test Bank #5: RN Anatomy and Physiology Exams Test Bank #6: RN Obstetrics and Pediatrics Exams Test Bank #7: RN Fluid and Electrolytes Exams Test Bank #9: RN Adult Health Test Bank #10: RN Dosage Calculation Test Bank #11: RN Community Health Exams Test Bank #12: RN Psychology Exams Test Bank #13: RN Nursing Care Of Children Test Bank #14: RN Foundations of Nursing Exams

Get 100+ Naxlex Exit Exams for $79 Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN (14 Day Free-Trial)

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Exam #1: RN Comprehensive predictor 2023 proctored exam Exam #2: Ati rn vati comprehensive predictor proctored exam Exam #3: Ati Rn Comprehensive Predictor Proctored Exam 2023 Exam #4: Rn Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Proctored Exam - St. Joseph Exam #5: RN Comprehensive Predictor Proctored Exam (National U CA San Diego) Exam #6: Ati rn comprehensive predictor 2023 retake proctored exam Exam #7: RN Hesi Exit Proctored Exam Exam #8: Hesi RN Exit proctored exam Exam #9: Hesi rn exit proctored exam Exam #10: Hesi Rn compass exit B proctored exam

Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Pilonidal cyst: This is a localized inflammatory condition or abscess located in the sacrococcygeal region, often containing hair and skin debris. It causes localized pain and drainage at the base of the spine but does not affect the urinary tract. It has no physiological link to urinary hesitancy.

B. Hemorrhoids: These are distended, varicose veins located in the anorectal region that may cause bleeding or discomfort during defecation. While they involve the pelvic floor, they do not obstruct the urethral passage or affect detrusor muscle function. They are a vascular gastrointestinal issue rather than a urological one.

C. Rectal polyp: This is a growth protruding from the mucous membrane of the colon or rectum. Most polyps are asymptomatic or cause occult gastrointestinal bleeding, but they do not compress the bladder neck or the urethra. They are unrelated to the mechanics of micturition in the male patient.

D. Enlarged prostate: Benign prostatic hyperplasia causes the gland to compress the prostatic urethra, leading to obstructive voiding symptoms. These include hesitancy, a weak urinary stream, and frequency as the bladder struggles to empty against resistance. It is the most common cause of these specific urological complaints in adult males.

A. "Sharing needles is a big risk factor for hepatitis." B. "Chronic hepatitis increases the risk for liver cancer." C. "Newborns should receive the Hepatitis B vaccine." D. "Health care workers should get a Hepatitis C vaccine."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "Sharing needles is a big risk factor for hepatitis.": Percutaneous exposure to contaminated blood is a primary transmission route for Hepatitis B and C viruses. Sharing injection equipment allows for the direct inoculation of viral particles into the bloodstream of a susceptible host. This remains a significant public health challenge in preventing bloodborne pathogen spread.

B. "Chronic hepatitis increases the risk for liver cancer.": Persistent inflammation from Hepatitis B or C leads to progressive hepatic fibrosis and eventually cirrhosis. This chronic cellular damage and regeneration cycle predisposes hepatocytes to malignant transformation into hepatocellular carcinoma. Longitudinal monitoring of these patients for oncological changes is a standard clinical requirement.

C. "Newborns should receive the Hepatitis B vaccine.": Universal neonatal immunization is the standard of care to prevent vertical transmission and early childhood acquisition of the virus. The first dose is typically administered within 24 hours of birth to ensure long-term immunological protection. This strategy has drastically reduced the global prevalence of chronic HBV infection.

D. "Health care workers should get a Hepatitis C vaccine.": Currently, there is no commercially available vaccine for the prevention of the Hepatitis C virus. While vaccines exist for Hepatitis A and B, Hepatitis C prevention relies entirely on standard precautions and post-exposure protocols. This statement is scientifically inaccurate because the vaccine technology does not yet exist.

View Question and Answer

Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.

Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today

The nurse assesses a patient's neurologic function. Which sign could indicate injury to the cerebellum? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

An adult male reports urinary frequency and difficulty starting the flow of urine. Which condition is likely?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Which statement is NOT correct?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is performing a health history and physical assessment on a patient with chronic rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Which symptom(s) should the nurse anticipate?

findings align with the ABCDE rule and should be reported to the healthcare provider? Select all that apply.

The patient states, "I hear a crunching, grating sound when I kneel." What is the likely cause?

The patient has a high fever and states, "There is a monster in the corner of the room." This is an example of which type of mental disorder? Select all that apply.

A patient tells the nurse he feels hopeless and sad since his wife died six months ago. Which question is a priority for nursing assessment?

The nurse is assessing a female patient who reports severe abdominal pain in the right lower quadrant (RLQ). Which condition should the nurse suspect? Select all that apply.

The nurse is caring for an aging adult with dementia. Which behavioral clue indicates pain? Select all that apply.

The nurse cares for a patient who is one day post-op surgery. The nurse checks the patient's oral temperature and notes that it is 38° Celsius. Which action by the nurse is appropriate? Select all that apply.