The nurse is assessing a client who is prescribed montelukast. Which clinical finding indicates the client is experiencing a therapeutic effect of the drug?
Improved mood
Increased bronchodilation
Reduced airflow
Decreased wheezing
If you forget your dose, take two the next day.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Improved mood: Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used to manage asthma and allergic rhinitis. While mood changes have been reported as rare adverse effects, improvement in mood is not an indicator of therapeutic effectiveness.
B. Increased bronchodilation: Montelukast does not act as a direct bronchodilator. Its mechanism involves blocking leukotrienes to reduce inflammation and prevent bronchoconstriction, so immediate bronchodilation is not expected.
C. Reduced airflow: Reduced airflow indicates worsening airway obstruction, which suggests the drug is not achieving its intended therapeutic effect and may signal uncontrolled asthma.
D. Decreased wheezing: A decrease in wheezing reflects reduced airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction, indicating that montelukast is effectively managing the client’s asthma symptoms and improving respiratory function.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Administer protamine sulfate: Protamine sulfate is the specific antidote for heparin. It binds to heparin and neutralizes its anticoagulant effect, making it the most appropriate intervention to control active bleeding due to a heparin overdose. Rapid administration is critical to prevent further blood loss.
B. Transfuse platelets: Platelet transfusion is generally indicated for thrombocytopenia or platelet dysfunction, not for anticoagulation caused by heparin. Heparin-induced bleeding is due to inhibited clotting, not platelet deficiency.
C. Transfuse packed red blood cells: Packed red blood cells may be required if the client experiences significant blood loss, but they do not address the underlying anticoagulation caused by the heparin overdose. This intervention is supportive, not corrective.
D. Administer vitamin K: Vitamin K is the antidote for warfarin or vitamin K–dependent anticoagulant toxicity. It has no effect on heparin-induced anticoagulation and would not stop the bleeding in this scenario.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Constipation: Bile acid sequestrants bind bile acids in the intestine, which can slow gastrointestinal motility and increase stool firmness. Constipation is one of the most common adverse effects, particularly in older adults or clients with low fluid intake.
B. Bleeding: These medications do not affect platelet function or coagulation pathways. Bleeding is more commonly associated with anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents rather than lipid-lowering bile acid sequestrants.
C. Hyperglycemia: Bile acid sequestrants do not directly alter glucose metabolism or insulin activity. Elevated blood glucose levels are typically related to endocrine disorders or medications such as corticosteroids.
D. Urinary retention: Bile acid sequestrants act within the gastrointestinal tract and have minimal systemic absorption. Urinary retention is more often linked to anticholinergic medications rather than lipid-lowering agents.
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