Complete the following sentences by choosing from the lists of options. A nurse provides care for a client prescribed
The Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"A","dropdown-group-2":"B","dropdown-group-3":"C"}
• Simvastatin: Simvastatin is a statin medication used to lower LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol in clients with hypercholesterolemia. It works by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme involved in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. Statins reduce the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and are part of long-term management of elevated lipid levels.
• In the evening: Cholesterol synthesis in the liver is highest at night. Administering simvastatin in the evening optimizes its effectiveness in lowering LDL and total cholesterol levels. Educating clients about timing improves medication efficacy and supports adherence to therapy.
• Dark urine: Dark urine may indicate rhabdomyolysis, a rare but serious adverse effect of statins, caused by muscle breakdown. Clients should report this immediately, as it can lead to acute kidney injury. Prompt recognition and discontinuation of the medication are essential to prevent severe complications.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Angiotensin receptor blocker: Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) work by blocking angiotensin II receptors to relax blood vessels and reduce blood pressure. Hydralazine does not act on the renin-angiotensin system, so it is not classified as an ARB.
B. Diuretic: Diuretics lower blood pressure by promoting the excretion of sodium and water through the kidneys. Hydralazine does not have diuretic effects and does not alter fluid balance in this way.
C. Alpha receptor blocker: Alpha blockers reduce blood pressure by inhibiting alpha-adrenergic receptors in blood vessels, causing vasodilation. Hydralazine’s mechanism is direct smooth muscle relaxation, not alpha receptor antagonism.
D. Vasodilator: Hydralazine is a direct-acting vasodilator that relaxes arteriolar smooth muscle, leading to decreased systemic vascular resistance and lower blood pressure. It is primarily used in hypertension management and sometimes in heart failure.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Increases cardiac output: Dobutamine is a beta-1 adrenergic agonist that primarily increases the strength of myocardial contractions, leading to enhanced cardiac output. It is commonly used in clients with heart failure or cardiogenic shock to improve tissue perfusion without significantly increasing heart rate.
B. Promotes diuresis: Dobutamine does not have a direct diuretic effect. While improved cardiac output may indirectly enhance renal perfusion and urine output, promoting diuresis is not its primary therapeutic action.
C. Increases blood pressure: Dobutamine may slightly increase systolic blood pressure due to improved cardiac output, but it is not primarily used as an antihypotensive agent. Its main role is enhancing myocardial contractility rather than raising blood pressure.
D. Inhibits platelet aggregation: Dobutamine has no effect on platelet function or aggregation. Its mechanism of action is limited to stimulating beta-1 receptors in the heart to improve contractility.
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