The nurse is obtaining a health history from parents whose 4-month-old boy has congenital hypothyroidism. What would the nurse most likely assess?
The child has above-normal growth for his age.
The child is active and playful.
The skin is pink and healthy looking.
It is difficult to keep the child awake.
The Correct Answer is D
A. The child has above-normal growth for his age: Congenital hypothyroidism typically results in slowed growth and delayed skeletal maturation due to insufficient thyroid hormone. Above-normal growth is not consistent with this condition and would be unexpected.
B. The child is active and playful: Hypothyroidism in infants usually causes lethargy, hypotonia, and decreased activity. A highly active and playful infant would be atypical and not indicative of untreated congenital hypothyroidism.
C. The skin is pink and healthy looking: Infants with congenital hypothyroidism often have pale, dry, or mottled skin due to decreased metabolism and poor perfusion. Healthy, rosy skin is not a common finding in this condition.
D. It is difficult to keep the child awake: Lethargy and excessive sleepiness are hallmark signs of congenital hypothyroidism in infants. Difficulty keeping the infant awake reflects central nervous system depression caused by thyroid hormone deficiency and is a key clinical indicator.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. To decrease inflammation: While some prostaglandins (like those inhibited by NSAIDs) are involved in inflammation, Prostaglandin E1 (PGE_1) is used in neonates specifically for its effects on vascular smooth muscle.
B. To control pain: Prostaglandin E does not have analgesic properties and is not used for pain management in neonates with heart defects.
C. To decrease respirations: Prostaglandin E does not act as a respiratory depressant; it does not directly influence respiratory rate.
D. To improve oxygenation: In conditions like coarctation of the aorta or ductus-dependent congenital heart defects, prostaglandin E1 maintains patency of the ductus arteriosus. This allows continued blood flow between the pulmonary artery and aorta, improving systemic perfusion and oxygen delivery to vital organs until surgical correction can be performed.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Measles: Measles is a highly contagious viral infection transmitted via airborne droplets. Implementing airborne precautions, including placement in a negative-pressure room and use of an N95 respirator, is essential to prevent spread to other patients and healthcare personnel.
B. Streptococcus group A: Group A Streptococcus infections, such as strep throat, are transmitted primarily through respiratory droplets, not airborne particles. Standard and droplet precautions are typically sufficient.
C. Rubella: Rubella is transmitted via droplets, requiring droplet precautions rather than full airborne precautions. Airborne measures are not necessary unless there is uncertainty about transmission mode.
D. Scarlet fever: Scarlet fever is caused by group A Streptococcus and is spread through respiratory droplets. Droplet precautions, rather than airborne precautions, are adequate for infection control in hospitalized children.
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