The nurse is preparing a presentation for new parents and this week's topic is infant sleep. What information should the nurse plan to include? (Select all that apply.)

A. To maintain moist wound healing: Hydrocolloid dressings contain gel-forming agents that react with wound exudate to create a protective, moist environment. This occlusive seal prevents tissue dehydration and promotes autolytic debridement by the body’s own enzymes. Maintaining moisture is critical for facilitating faster epithelialization and reducing pain at the site.

B. To create enzymatic debridement: Enzymatic debridement requires the application of external chemical agents, such as collagenase, to actively break down necrotic tissue. Hydrocolloids facilitate autolytic debridement by trapping endogenous moisture but do not contain extrinsic enzymes. They support the body’s natural processes rather than providing a chemical catalyst.

C. To absorb excessive wound drainage: Hydrocolloids have limited absorptive capacity and are unsuitable for heavily draining or "copious" wounds. Excessive exudate will cause the dressing to lose its seal or cause periwound maceration. They are best utilized for wounds with minimal to moderate drainage where moisture retention is desired.

D. To directly reduce bioburden (bacteria count): These dressings are not inherently antimicrobial and do not contain silver or iodine to kill pathogens. In fact, their occlusive nature can promote anaerobic bacterial growth if an active infection is present. They are primarily used for clean, granulating wounds rather than infected ones.

A. Assess vital signs: Morphine is a potent opioid agonist that can cause life-threatening respiratory depression and hypotension. Establishing a baseline respiratory rate and blood pressure is the critical safety step before administration. This ensures the client can hemodynamically tolerate the CNS-depressant effects of the medication.

B. Assess bowel sounds: While opioids decrease gastrointestinal motility and can lead to paralytic ileus, this is a secondary concern compared to immediate respiratory safety. Assessing bowel sounds is part of a comprehensive post-operative exam but is not the priority action before analgesic administration.

C. Listen to breath sounds: Auscultating for adventitious sounds provides information about lung aeration, but the primary risk of morphine is a decrease in respiratory rate and depth. While important, it is less critical than the quantitative assessment of the respiratory rate and overall hemodynamic stability.

D. Determine the date of the client's last bowel movement: This information helps manage potential opioid-induced constipation, but it has no bearing on the immediate safety of administering an acute dose for severe pain. Pain management and respiratory monitoring take clinical precedence over bowel history in the early post-operative period.