The nurse is providing instructions to a patient with a new prescription for a corticosteroid metered-dose inhaler.
Which statement by the patient indicates that further instruction is needed.
I will use this inhaler for asthma attacks.
I will continue to use this inhaler, even if I am feeling better.
A peak flow meter will measure my response to therapy.
I will rinse my mouth with water and spit it out after using this inhaler.
The Correct Answer is A
This question assesses the patient's understanding of maintenance therapy for respiratory diseases. It requires distinguishing between long-term, anti-inflammatory prophylaxis and short-acting bronchodilator rescue therapy, which is essential to prevent treatment failure and adverse complications from misuse of inhaled corticosteroid medication in the home environment.
Choice A rationale
Corticosteroid inhalers are for long-term control, not acute rescue. Using them for asthma attacks is inappropriate because they do not have the immediate bronchodilating effect needed to resolve sudden, life-threatening airway obstruction. This indicates a critical need for further patient education.
Choice B rationale
Corticosteroids work by reducing inflammation over time, not through immediate symptomatic relief. Patients must understand that consistent, daily use is required to achieve the therapeutic goal of preventing airway hypersensitivity and maintaining stable long-term control of their asthma condition.
Choice C rationale
A peak flow meter provides objective data on the patient's airway caliber and helps monitor the effectiveness of their asthma management plan. Using this device is a recommended strategy to guide therapy and identify early signs of deterioration before a major attack occurs.
Choice D rationale
Rinsing the mouth with water and spitting it out after each use is a vital step to reduce the local deposition of the drug. This practice significantly minimizes the risk of oral candidiasis, a common and avoidable fungal side effect of inhaled corticosteroids.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["1"]
Explanation
Step 1 is 330 mg ÷ 330 mg/mL = 1 mL. Final calculated answer is 1 mL.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
This scenario involves a suspected anaphylactic reaction to intravenous penicillin. The nurse must apply the nursing process by prioritizing patient safety through immediate cessation of the offending agent, which prevents further exposure and systemic accumulation of the antigen causing the life-threatening respiratory and cardiovascular distress.
Choice A rationale
Stopping the infusion is the immediate priority action. This eliminates the source of the antigen that is triggering the systemic IgE-mediated allergic response, thereby preventing any further progression of the patient's anaphylactic symptoms, including airway obstruction and shock.
Choice B rationale
While auscultating breath sounds provides data on the patient's respiratory status, it does not address the cause of the distress. Delaying the discontinuation of the infusion to perform an assessment increases the risk of irreversible, fatal respiratory or cardiovascular collapse.
Choice C rationale
Elevating the head of the bed may assist with the patient's breathing, but it does not stop the underlying anaphylactic mechanism. This intervention is supportive rather than curative and cannot be prioritized over the removal of the allergen from circulation.
Choice D rationale
Notifying the healthcare provider is essential, but it must occur after the nurse has ensured the patient's safety by stopping the infusion. Following the notification, the provider will coordinate emergency management, including the administration of epinephrine to reverse the anaphylaxis.
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