The nurse is reviewing the electrolyte results of a client and notes that the potassium level is 5.7. Which pattern on the cardiac monitor would the nurse expect to see?

ST depression

Tall peaked T waves

Prolonged ST segment

Prominent U wave

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. ST depression: ST depression is associated with hypokalemia or ischemia.

B. Tall peaked T waves: Hyperkalemia (K+ > 5.0 mEq/L) causes tall, peaked T waves due to abnormal repolarization. Severe hyperkalemia (>6.5 mEq/L) can lead to cardiac arrest.

C. Prolonged ST segment: Not a characteristic of hyperkalemia.

D. Prominent U wave: A U wave is seen in hypokalemia, not hyperkalemia.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Administer supplemental oxygen: Hypokalemia primarily affects cardiac and neuromuscular function, not oxygenation. Oxygen may be needed if dysrhythmias develop but is not the highest priority.

B. Seizure precautions: While severe hypokalemia can cause muscle weakness, seizures are not the primary concern. Cardiac effects take priority.

C. Cardiac monitoring: A potassium level of 2.2 mEq/L is critically low, increasing the risk of life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. Continuous cardiac monitoring helps detect dangerous dysrhythmias like ventricular tachycardia.

D. Initiating a fluid restriction: Fluid restriction is more relevant for hyperkalemia or fluid overload, not hypokalemia.

A. Bradypnea, dizziness, and paresthesia B. Bradycardia and hyperactivity C. Headache, restlessness and confusion. D. Irritability and seizures

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Bradypnea, dizziness, and paresthesia: Bradypnea is associated with CO₂ retention, but paresthesia (tingling sensations) is more common in alkalosis due to calcium shifts.

B. Bradycardia and hyperactivity: Bradycardia can occur in severe acidosis, but hyperactivity is not a typical sign.

C. Headache, restlessness, and confusion: Respiratory acidosis occurs when CO₂ retention leads to cerebral vasodilation, increasing intracranial pressure and causing headache, restlessness, and confusion.

D. Irritability and seizures: Seizures are more common in severe alkalosis due to neuronal hyperexcitability.

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The nurse is reviewing the electrolyte results of a client and notes that the potassium level is 5.7. Which pattern on the cardiac monitor would the nurse expect to see?

Nursing Test Bank

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