The nurse is reviewing the electrolyte results of a client and notes that the potassium level is 5.7. Which pattern on the cardiac monitor would the nurse expect to see?
ST depression
Tall peaked T waves
Prolonged ST segment
Prominent U wave
The Correct Answer is B
A. ST depression: ST depression is associated with hypokalemia or ischemia.
B. Tall peaked T waves: Hyperkalemia (K+ > 5.0 mEq/L) causes tall, peaked T waves due to abnormal repolarization. Severe hyperkalemia (>6.5 mEq/L) can lead to cardiac arrest.
C. Prolonged ST segment: Not a characteristic of hyperkalemia.
D. Prominent U wave: A U wave is seen in hypokalemia, not hyperkalemia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. “This is called a thrill and it means that your fistula is not working.” A thrill is a normal finding and means the fistula is functioning properly.
B. "This is not a normal sign; we will call your provider right away.” A lack of thrill is abnormal, not the presence of one.
C. "This is called a bruit and it shows that your fistula is patent." The thrill is felt and the bruit is heard.
D. "This is called a thrill and it means that your fistula is patent." A thrill (vibration) is a normal finding in an AV fistula and indicates adequate blood flow. A bruit (whooshing sound) is heard on auscultation and also confirms patency.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Bradypnea, dizziness, and paresthesia: Bradypnea is associated with CO₂ retention, but paresthesia (tingling sensations) is more common in alkalosis due to calcium shifts.
B. Bradycardia and hyperactivity: Bradycardia can occur in severe acidosis, but hyperactivity is not a typical sign.
C. Headache, restlessness, and confusion: Respiratory acidosis occurs when CO₂ retention leads to cerebral vasodilation, increasing intracranial pressure and causing headache, restlessness, and confusion.
D. Irritability and seizures: Seizures are more common in severe alkalosis due to neuronal hyperexcitability.
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