The client is vomiting and very dehydrated. Which medication would be most effective in treating the nausea and vomiting?
Diphenhydramine
Famotidine
Omeprazole
Ondansetron
The Correct Answer is D
A. Diphenhydramine: An antihistamine used for motion sickness, but not first-line for severe nausea and dehydration.
B. Famotidine: A histamine-2 blocker used for acid reflux, not nausea control.
C. Omeprazole: A proton pump inhibitor for acid suppression, not for nausea and vomiting.
D. Ondansetron: Ondansetron (Zofran) is a serotonin (5-HT3) receptor antagonist that is highly effective for nausea and vomiting, especially in dehydration and severe vomiting.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Chloride level would be decreased: Metabolic alkalosis is often associated with hypochloremia, especially when caused by vomiting or diuretics. However, hypokalemia is more clinically significant.
B. Sodium level would be elevated: Sodium levels are not directly affected by metabolic alkalosis.
C. Magnesium level would be elevated: Magnesium levels are not significantly altered in metabolic alkalosis.
D. Potassium level would be decreased: A bicarbonate level of 30 mEq/L indicates metabolic alkalosis. In alkalosis, hydrogen ions shift out of the cells, and potassium moves into the cells, leading to hypokalemia.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Oliguria: Reduced urine output (oliguria) can indicate acute rejection due to decreased renal function. Other signs include fever, hypertension, graft tenderness, and swelling.
B. Temperature 36.1° C (97.0° F): Rejection often causes fever, not a low temperature.
C. Weight loss: Weight gain (fluid retention) is more common with rejection.
D. Insomnia: Insomnia is not a direct sign of rejection.
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