The client is vomiting and very dehydrated. Which medication would be most effective in treating the nausea and vomiting?
Diphenhydramine
Famotidine
Omeprazole
Ondansetron
The Correct Answer is D
A. Diphenhydramine: An antihistamine used for motion sickness, but not first-line for severe nausea and dehydration.
B. Famotidine: A histamine-2 blocker used for acid reflux, not nausea control.
C. Omeprazole: A proton pump inhibitor for acid suppression, not for nausea and vomiting.
D. Ondansetron: Ondansetron (Zofran) is a serotonin (5-HT3) receptor antagonist that is highly effective for nausea and vomiting, especially in dehydration and severe vomiting.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"B"},"C":{"answers":"B"},"D":{"answers":"C"}}
Explanation
|
Solutions |
Hypotonic |
Isotonic |
Hypertonic |
|
0.45% sodium chloride |
✅ |
||
|
0.9% sodium chloride |
✅ |
||
|
Lactated Ringers |
✅ |
||
|
Albumin |
✅ |
0.45% Sodium Chloride (Hypotonic): Has lower osmolarity than blood, causing fluid to shift into cells, making them swell. Used for dehydration and intracellular rehydration.
0.9% Sodium Chloride (Isotonic): Has the same osmolarity as blood, so it stays in the intravascular space. Used for fluid resuscitation (hypovolemia, dehydration, shock).
Lactated Ringers (Isotonic): Contains electrolytes (Na+, K+, Ca2+, lactate), making it ideal for burns, surgery, and trauma patients. Maintains intravascular volume without fluid shifts.
Albumin (Hypertonic): Large protein that pulls fluid into the intravascular space (colloid osmotic pressure). Used for hypovolemia, burns, or severe hypoalbuminemia.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Nocturia: Excessive nighttime urination, not decreased urine output.
B. Enuresis: Involuntary urination, commonly bedwetting in children.
C. Anuria: Severe lack of urine output (< 100 mL/24 hrs), which is worse than oliguria.
D. Oliguria: Oliguria is defined as urine output < 400 mL/24 hours. 250 mL in 24 hours qualifies as oliguria.
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