The nurse is teaching a postmenopausal client about osteoporosis prevention. The client reports that she smokes 2 packs of cigarettes a day and takes 750 mg calcium supplements daily. Which information should the nurse include when teaching this client about osteoporosis prevention?
Postmenopausal women need an intake of at least 1,500 mg of calcium daily.
Smoking cessation is more important than calcium intake in preventing osteoporosis.
Family history is more important than calcium intake in determining the occurrence of osteoporosis.
Calcium should be taken once a day, preferably at the same time of day.
The Correct Answer is B
A. While adequate calcium intake is important, the recommended daily calcium intake for postmenopausal women is generally 1,200 mg rather than 1,500 mg. Increasing calcium intake alone does not fully prevent osteoporosis, especially if modifiable risk factors like smoking are present.
B. Smoking cessation is critical in osteoporosis prevention. Smoking accelerates bone loss by reducing estrogen levels and impairing calcium absorption, increasing fracture risk. For a postmenopausal woman who smokes heavily, quitting smoking has a greater impact on bone health than simply increasing calcium intake. This makes it the priority teaching point.
C. Family history is a risk factor, but modifiable behaviors such as smoking, diet, physical activity, and medication adherence are more directly actionable in osteoporosis prevention. Family history alone does not outweigh the effect of smoking on bone density.
D. Calcium is more effectively absorbed when taken in divided doses of 500–600 mg rather than a single daily dose. Taking 750 mg once daily is less effective than splitting the dose, and timing is flexible.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Teaching the client to wear a mask, perform hand hygiene, and maintain social distancing is important for controlling community spread, but this is not sufficient as an immediate action within the clinical setting. Education alone does not prevent transmission while the client is in close proximity to others in the facility.
B. Notifying the charge nurse about assignment to a COVID-19 designated area is part of facility protocol, but it is not the first action. The client must be isolated and droplet precautions initiated immediately, even before placement in a designated area, to minimize exposure risk.
C. Updating the client and family about COVID-19 vaccination is preventive and educational, but it is not relevant for immediate risk management in a client with suspected active infection. This action can be performed later, once the client is safely isolated.
D. Instituting droplet precautions, placing the client in a private room, and keeping the door closed is the highest-priority action. Droplet precautions include staff wearing masks, eye protection, gloves, and gowns as appropriate. Early implementation of these precautions prevents the spread of infection within the healthcare facility and aligns with CDC and WHO guidelines for suspected COVID-19 cases.
Correct Answer is ["125"]
Explanation
Step 1: Identify total volume and time
Total volume = 1000 mL, Time = 8 hours
Step 2: Use the formula
mL/hour = Total volume ÷ Time
Step 3: Insert values
= 1000 ÷ 8
Step 4: Calculate
= 125 mL/hour
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