The nurse knows that continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) differs from conventional intermittent hemodialysis in what way?
It provides faster removal of solute and water.
The process removes solutes and water slowly.
A hemofilter is used to facilitate ultrafiltration.
It does not allow diffusion to occur.
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. It provides faster removal of solute and water is incorrect because CRRT is slower and continuous, not rapid like intermittent hemodialysis. Rapid removal of solutes and fluid can cause hemodynamic instability, which CRRT avoids by providing gradual clearance.
B. The process removes solutes and water slowly is correct because CRRT is a continuous therapy (24 hours/day) designed for hemodynamically unstable patients. By slowly removing fluid and solutes, it minimizes the risk of hypotension, electrolyte shifts, and other complications associated with intermittent hemodialysis.
C. A hemofilter is used to facilitate ultrafiltration is partially correct, as CRRT does use a hemofilter, but this is not the primary differentiating factor from conventional hemodialysis, which also uses a dialyzer for solute removal. The key difference is the rate and continuity of solute and fluid removal.
D. It does not allow diffusion to occur is incorrect because CRRT allows both diffusion and convection, depending on the mode used (CVVH, CVVHD, or CVVHDF). Diffusion is essential for solute clearance in CRRT, just as it is in intermittent hemodialysis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Soot around the nose and mouth, hoarse voice, and singed nasal hair is correct because these are classic early indicators of inhalation injury. Inhalation injuries occur from thermal, chemical, or smoke exposure, damaging the upper and sometimes lower airway. Other signs include facial burns, stridor, coughing, labored breathing, and carbonaceous sputum. Early recognition is critical because airway edema can progress rapidly, requiring immediate assessment, supplemental oxygen, and possible intubation to prevent respiratory failure.
B. Low blood pressure and cold, clammy skin is incorrect because these signs indicate hypovolemic or distributive shock, not inhalation injury. While hypotension may occur in burn patients due to fluid loss from extensive burns, it does not specifically identify airway involvement. Hypotension and poor perfusion are systemic signs rather than indicators of inhalation injury.
C. Clear lung sounds and strong peripheral pulses is incorrect because these findings indicate adequate ventilation, oxygenation, and circulation. In a patient with potential inhalation injury, clear lung sounds and strong pulses do not suggest airway compromise, so these findings would not be expected in early or progressing inhalation injury. Relying on normal lung sounds can delay recognition of upper airway edema, which may develop before lower airway signs appear.
D. Low blood pressure and cold, clammy skin is repeated and incorrect for the same reason as B. These findings reflect shock and poor perfusion but do not provide any direct evidence of inhalation injury. Focusing on these signs alone could delay airway intervention, which is the priority in suspected smoke or thermal inhalation.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. This is incorrect, check rationale for choice C for stepwise calculation.
B. This is incorrect, check rationale for choice C for stepwise calculation.
C. Step 1: Write the formula:
gtt/min = (Volume × Drop factor) ÷ Time
Step 2: Plug in the numbers:
gtt/min = (300 × 10) ÷ 120
Step 3: Multiply:
300 × 10 = 3000
Step 4: Divide:
3000 ÷ 120 = 25
Step 5: Result:
Infuse at 25 drops per minute
D. This is incorrect, check rationale for choice C for stepwise calculation.
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