The nurse notes that a 4-year-old child's gums bleed easily and he has bruising and petechiae on his extremities. Which lab value is consistent with these symptoms?
Platelet count of 25,000/mm3
Leukocyte count of 14,000/mm3
Hemoglobin level of 8 g/dL
Hematocrit level of 36%
The Correct Answer is A
A. Platelet count of 25,000/mm³: Normal platelet count is 150,000–400,000/mm³. A count of 25,000 indicates severe thrombocytopenia, which can cause spontaneous bleeding, petechiae, and bruising.
B. Leukocyte count of 14,000/mm³: This is mildly elevated and may indicate infection or inflammation but does not explain bleeding symptoms.
C. Hemoglobin level of 8 g/dL: Indicates anemia, which may cause fatigue or pallor, not bleeding or bruising.
D. Hematocrit level of 36%: This is within the normal range for a child and does not correlate with bleeding manifestations.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Increased heart rate: Tachycardia may indicate hypoxia due to worsening airway obstruction. It’s an early warning sign.
B. Decreased temperature: Not a sign of obstruction; fever may remain elevated.
C. Decreased stridor: May seem like improvement, but silent chest can mean complete obstruction- needs cautious evaluation.
D. Decreased restlessness: Could be a sign of fatigue and impending respiratory failure, not improvement.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Blood is shunted past the pulmonary circulation, causing pulmonary hypoxia: In PDA, blood goes to the lungs excessively, not past it, so this is incorrect.
B. Blood is circulated through the ductus from the pulmonary artery to the aorta, bypassing the left side of the heart: This is fetal circulation physiology; in PDA postnatally, the shunt is usually from the aorta to the pulmonary artery.
C. Blood is shunted past cardiac arteries, causing myocardial hypoxia: PDA doesn’t bypass the cardiac arteries, so this is incorrect.
D. Blood is circulated through the lungs again, causing pulmonary circulatory congestion: In PDA, oxygenated blood from the aorta is shunted to the pulmonary artery, increasing blood flow to the lungs, leading to pulmonary congestion and dyspnea.
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