The nurse understands that 1 in 10 women experience abuse during pregnancy and could have coexisting symptoms, such as:
Excessive weight gain.
Regular prenatal care.
Depression.
Lack of prenatal care.
Correct Answer : C,D
Choice A rationale
Excessive weight gain is not a typical symptom of abuse. Instead, the emotional and physical stress associated with abuse can lead to inconsistent nutrition and a lack of self-care, which can result in either inadequate weight gain or an unhealthy diet, but not specifically excessive weight gain as a direct consequence.
Choice B rationale
Regular prenatal care is often a marker of a healthy pregnancy and a supportive environment. Women experiencing abuse are more likely to miss prenatal appointments due to fear, control exerted by the abuser, or a lack of personal resources, thus regular prenatal care is an unlikely symptom.
Choice C rationale
Abuse is a significant psychosocial stressor and is strongly associated with mental health issues. The chronic trauma and emotional distress from abuse can directly contribute to the development of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder, which are common coexisting symptoms in pregnant women experiencing intimate partner violence.
Choice D rationale
A lack of prenatal care is a very common coexisting symptom of abuse during pregnancy. Abusers may actively prevent the pregnant woman from attending appointments to maintain control, isolate her from healthcare providers, or out of fear that the abuse will be discovered. The woman herself may also be too fearful or ashamed to seek care. .
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Rubella vaccination is a live-attenuated viral vaccine. Administering a live vaccine during pregnancy is generally contraindicated due to the theoretical risk of transmitting the vaccine virus to the fetus. The vaccine virus could potentially replicate and cause congenital rubella syndrome, although this risk is extremely low. Therefore, a non-immune or equivocal pregnant woman should be advised to receive the vaccine postpartum to prevent future infection in subsequent pregnancies. The safe window for vaccination is after childbirth and before discharge.
Choice B rationale
Rubella, a teratogenic virus, readily crosses the placental barrier, posing a significant risk of vertical transmission from mother to fetus. The virus can infect the developing fetus, leading to congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). The risk and severity of fetal infection are highest during the first trimester. The fetus is most vulnerable to the teratogenic effects of the virus, which can result in multiple severe congenital anomalies.
Choice C rationale
Rubella, also known as German measles, is a highly contagious disease caused by the rubella virus. When a pregnant woman contracts the infection, the virus can cross the placenta and infect the developing fetus. This can lead to congenital rubella syndrome (CRS), which is associated with a triad of clinical manifestations: cataracts, cardiac malformations (such as patent ductus arteriosus), and sensorineural deafness. Other complications include microcephaly and intellectual disability, highlighting the virus's significant impact on fetal brain and heart development.
Choice D rationale
The Tdap vaccine, which stands for tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis, is a combination vaccine recommended for all pregnant women, typically between 27 and 36 weeks gestation. This vaccine is designed to protect newborns from pertussis (whooping cough), not rubella. Rubella is part of the MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine, which is a live vaccine and is contraindicated during pregnancy
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Marijuana use during pregnancy should be avoided. The active compound, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), crosses the placenta and can impact fetal development. Studies suggest a link between marijuana use and adverse outcomes, including placental abruption, fetal distress, and congenital anomalies. Additionally, neonates born to mothers who used marijuana may experience withdrawal symptoms, such as tremors and irritability, similar to those seen with other substance exposures.
Choice B rationale
While marijuana use during pregnancy is linked to adverse outcomes, the specific effects mentioned, such as anemia and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), are not the primary or most well-documented effects of marijuana use. Anemia is more commonly associated with nutritional deficiencies, while IUGR is linked to various factors including smoking, hypertension, and placental issues. Behavioral concerns in childhood are a more recognized risk, but the other associations are less accurate.
Choice C rationale
This statement is incorrect as it downplays the known risks. The effects of marijuana on pregnancy are not unknown; research has clearly established that cannabis use is associated with several adverse outcomes. THC is a known teratogen and can disrupt normal fetal development. Therefore, advising a client to use it cautiously and minimally is inappropriate and does not align with current medical and scientific understanding of its risks to the developing fetus.
Choice D rationale
This statement is incorrect because marijuana use does affect the fetus in utero. As noted previously, THC crosses the placental barrier and can directly impact fetal development, leading to conditions like placental abruption, fetal distress, and neonatal withdrawal. The risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is linked to a variety of factors, including maternal smoking and substance use, but marijuana's effect in utero is a distinct and well-documented concern separate from the postpartum risk. .
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