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The patient is to take 10 mEq of potassium gluconate PO daily. The medication bottle is labeled 20 mEq per 15 mL. The patient's wife asks the home health nurse how many teaspoons of potassium gluconate she should give her husband. The nurse sets up the following proportion:

20 mEq: 15 mL:: 10 mEq: x mL

The nurse solves for x mL, then converts the answer to tsp using a conversion chart. The nurse instructs the patient's wife to administer _______ to her husband daily.

7½ teaspoons

1½ teaspoons

3 teaspoons

1 teaspoon

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Calculation:

Calculate the volume in milliliters (mL) to administer.

Ordered Dose (D) = 10 mEq

Available Dose (H) = 20 mEq

Quantity (Q) = 15 mL

Volume (mL) = (Dose Ordered (D) / Dose Available (H)) x Quantity (Q)

= (10 mEq / 20 mEq) x 15 mL

= 0.5 x 15 mL

= 7.5 mL

Convert the volume from milliliters (mL) to teaspoons (tsp).

Volume in mL = 7.5 mL

Conversion factor: 1 teaspoon (tsp) = 5 mL

Volume (tsp) = Volume in mL / Conversion factor

= 7.5 mL / 5 mL/tsp

= 1.5 teaspoons (or 1 1/2 teaspoons)

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. 6 tsp = 2 tbsp: This is a household-to-household conversion, converting teaspoons to tablespoons, both of which are household measurements.

B. 3 tsp = 1 tbsp: This also converts between two household units (teaspoon to tablespoon) and does not involve metric measurements.

C. 1 tbsp = 15 mL: This converts a household measurement (tablespoon) to a metric measurement (milliliters), making it a household-to-metric conversion.

D. 2 tbsp = 1 oz: Both tablespoons and ounces are household measurements, so this conversion does not involve the metric system.

A. 2 mg: 2:: 1 mg: x B. 2 mg: x mL:: 5 mL: 1 mg C. 1 mg: 5 mL :: 2 mg: x mL D. 5 mL: 1 mg:: 2 mg: x mL

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. 2 mg: 2 :: 1 mg: x: This setup is incorrect because it compares the prescribed dose to itself, rather than relating the known concentration of the medication to the desired dose.

B. 2 mg: x mL :: 5 mL: 1 mg: This proportion incorrectly places the known concentration on the right side and the desired dose on the left, making the calculation confusing and prone to error.

C. 1 mg: 5 mL :: 2 mg: x mL: This setup correctly compares the known concentration (1 mg per 5 mL) to the prescribed dose (2 mg) using a proportion. Solving for x gives the accurate volume to administer.

D. 5 mL: 1 mg :: 2 mg: x mL: This setup inverts the known concentration, placing volume before dose, which can lead to miscalculation. Correct proportional setup keeps the dose first and volume second.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is reviewing the following equivalent measurements. Which of the following is a household to metric measurement? Household Measurements 3 tsp = 1 tbsp 6 tsp = 2 tbsp 2 tbsp = 1 oz 1 tbsp = 15 mL

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The medication administration record (MAR) includes an order for glycopyrrolate oral solution 2 mg twice daily PO. The medication drawer contains glycopyrrolate oral solution labeled "1 mg/5 mL."Which of the following is the correct setup for the drug dosage calculation?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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