The pediatric nurse understands that a common symptom of Hirschsprung’s disease
fever and chills
severe constipation
jaundice and steatorrhea
muscle weakness
The Correct Answer is B
A. Fever and chills are more indicative of infection, not Hirschsprung’s disease.
B. Severe constipation (along with abdominal distention and failure to pass meconium in newborns) is a hallmark sign of Hirschsprung’s disease due to the absence of ganglion cells in parts of the intestine, causing functional obstruction.
C. Jaundice and steatorrhea are associated with liver or biliary disorders, not Hirschsprung’s disease.
D. Muscle weakness is not a characteristic symptom of Hirschsprung’s disease.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Enterococcus can cause UTIs, especially in hospitalized or catheterized patients, but it is not the most common cause in otherwise healthy children.
B. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is by far the most common pathogen responsible for pediatric urinary tract infections. It accounts for approximately 80–90% of all UTIs in children. The bacteria originate from the gastrointestinal tract and ascend through the urethra into the urinary tract, making it the leading cause.
C. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is less common and usually associated with complicated UTIs, such as those in children with structural abnormalities, indwelling catheters, or immunocompromised states.
D. Klebsiella can also cause UTIs but occurs far less frequently compared to E. coli.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Providing support for the back and spine is not the purpose of the Pavlik harness. It is specifically designed for hip stabilization, not spinal conditions.
B. Immobilizing the legs and preventing movement is not accurate. The Pavlik harness allows limited movement while maintaining the hips in proper alignment; complete immobilization is not intended.
C. Holding the hips in a flexed and abducted position is the primary purpose of the Pavlik harness. This position keeps the femoral head well-seated in the acetabulum, promotes normal hip joint development, and prevents long-term complications associated with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).
D. Correcting scoliosis in infants is unrelated. A Pavlik harness is not used for spinal deformities.
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