The Practical Nurse (PN) uses the “risk for” nursing diagnoses as identified from the: Select all that apply

Choice A reason: Counteract shyness in the client is not the major effect of maintaining eye contact for 2 to 6 seconds during communication. Eye contact is a nonverbal cue that involves looking at the other person’s eyes or face while communicating. It can have different meanings and effects depending on the culture, context, and relationship of the communicators. Maintaining eye contact for 2 to 6 seconds can help to establish rapport, show interest, or convey sincerity, but it may not necessarily counteract shyness in the client. In fact, some clients may feel uncomfortable, intimidated, or threatened by too much eye contact, especially if they are shy, anxious, or from a different cultural background. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

Choice B reason: Keep the Practical Nurse’s atention on the conversation is not the major effect of maintaining eye contact for 2 to 6 seconds during communication. Eye contact is a nonverbal cue that involves looking at the other person’s eyes or face while communicating. It can have different meanings and effects depending on the culture, context, and relationship of the communicators. Maintaining eye contact for 2 to 6 seconds can help to keep the

Practical Nurse’s atention on the conversation, but it is not the main purpose or outcome of doing so. The main purpose or outcome of maintaining eye contact is to communicate with the other person effectively and respectfully, not to focus on oneself or one’s own behavior. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

Choice C reason: Assess if the client is involved in the conversation is not the major effect of maintaining eye contact for 2 to 6 seconds during communication. Eye contact is a nonverbal cue that involves looking at the other person’s eyes or face while communicating. It can have different meanings and effects depending on the culture, context, and relationship of the communicators. Maintaining eye contact for 2 to 6 seconds can help to assess if the client is involved in the conversation, but it is not the only or most reliable way of doing so. The Practical Nurse should also pay atention to other verbal and nonverbal cues from the client, such as their tone of voice, facial expressions, body language, or feedback. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

Choice D reason: Indicate continuous focused atention is the major effect of maintaining eye contact for 2 to 6 seconds during communication. Eye contact is a nonverbal cue that involves looking at the other person’s eyes or face while communicating. It can have different meanings and effects depending on the culture, context, and relationship of the communicators. Maintaining eye contact for 2 to 6 seconds can indicate continuous focused atention, which means that the Practical Nurse is listening actively, understanding empathetically, and responding appropriately to the client’s message. It can also show respect, interest, or sincerity to the client, and enhance rapport and trust between them. Therefore, this choice is correct.

Choice A reason: This is correct because it shows that the nurse is engaged and focused on the patient. Leaning slightly forward indicates that the nurse is listening and caring.

Choice B reason: This is correct because it shows that the nurse is open and receptive to the patient’s feelings and concerns. An open posture means that the nurse does not cross arms or legs, which can be seen as defensive or closed.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect because it shows that the nurse is distant and distracted from the patient. Standing at the doorway implies that the nurse is ready to leave or has other priorities. Reading the chart while smiling may seem insincere or superficial.

Choice D reason: This is correct because it shows that the nurse is respectful and atentive to the patient. Sitting at the bedside and facing the patient indicates that the nurse is giving eye contact and acknowledging the patient’s

presence.