Three body systems work at different speeds to keep the pH in the narrow range of normal, The order of effectiveness for these three systems is:

kidneys, lungs, blood/chemical buffers

chemical buffers, kidneys, lungs

lungs, kidneys, and blood/chemical buffers

blood/chemical buffers, lungs, kidneys

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Rationale:
A. Kidneys are the slowest to respond, so this order is incorrect.
B. Kidneys are slower than lungs, so this order is incorrect.
C. Lungs respond faster than kidneys but slower than chemical buffers, so this order is incorrect.
D. Chemical buffers act immediately to neutralize pH changes (first line), lungs adjust CO₂ levels within minutes (second line), and kidneys regulate acid-base balance over hours to days (third line), making this the correct order.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Rationale:
A. Chvostek’s sign is a clinical indicator of hypocalcemia. It is elicited by tapping the facial nerve in front of the ear, which causes twitching of the facial muscles in clients with low calcium levels due to increased neuromuscular excitability.
B. Brudzinski’s sign indicates meningeal irritation, such as in meningitis, not hypocalcemia.
C. Cullen’s sign is bruising around the umbilicus, associated with intra-abdominal bleeding, not electrolyte imbalance.
D. Kernig’s sign is another sign of meningeal irritation and is unrelated to calcium levels.

A. Magnesium B. Sodium C. Potassium D. Calcium E. Phosphate

Correct Answer is ["A","C"]

Explanation

Rationale:
A. Magnesium plays a role in acid-base balance and influences potassium levels.
B. Sodium is important but less directly related to acid-base balance than potassium and magnesium.
C. Potassium is critical to monitor because acid-base imbalances often cause shifts in potassium levels, affecting cardiac function.
D. Calcium levels can be affected but are less immediately critical than potassium and magnesium.
E. Phosphate is involved in metabolism but is not a primary electrolyte monitored for acid-base balance.

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Three body systems work at different speeds to keep the pH in the narrow range of normal, The order of effectiveness for these three systems is:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has hypocalcemia. For which of the following signs should the nurse monitor?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

When caring for a client with an acid-base imbalance, which serum electrolytes are essential for a nurse to monitor? (Select 2 that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","C"]

Explanation

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a calcium level of 12 mg/dL. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?

A nurse admits an older adult to the ED and notes that the client is cyanotic and has a respiratory rate of 6 breaths/min. Which acid-base imbalance should the nurse associate with this finding?

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of an adolescent and notes a calcium level of 11.4 mEq/L. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

During a change-of-shift report, a nurse sees that a client's IV bag of 0.9% sodium chloride has 900 mL of fluid left in it. The nurse makes rounds 30 min later and notes that the IV bag is empty. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A nurse is caring for a client who has metabolic alkalosis. For which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse monitor? (Select 3 manifestations)

The nurse is aware that the compensating mechanism, that is most likely to occur in the presence of respiratory acidosis is:

A patient with congestive heart failure is prescribed a low-sodium diet. Which of the following foods, if chosen by the patient, indicates further teaching is necessary? (Select 3 options that apply)