The failure of the lungs to adequately eliminate CO2 results in?

Metabolic alkalosis

Metabolic acidosis

Respiratory acidosis

Respiratory alkalosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Rationale:
A. Metabolic alkalosis is related to an excess of bicarbonate or loss of acid, not CO₂ retention.
B. Metabolic acidosis is caused by the accumulation of acids (like in renal failure or DKA), not respiratory dysfunction.
C. Respiratory acidosis occurs when the lungs fail to excrete enough CO₂, leading to CO₂ retention and a decrease in blood pH. This is commonly seen in conditions like COPD, respiratory depression, or airway obstruction.
D. Respiratory alkalosis results from excessive elimination of CO₂, such as in hyperventilation, which is the opposite of what is described.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Rationale:
A. Respiratory acidosis results from hypoventilation (respiratory rate of 6 breaths/min), leading to CO₂ retention and decreased blood pH. Cyanosis also indicates poor oxygenation, supporting this diagnosis.
B. Metabolic acidosis typically results from renal failure, diarrhea, or diabetic ketoacidosis, not directly from low respiratory rate.
C. Respiratory alkalosis is caused by hyperventilation, not hypoventilation.
D. Metabolic alkalosis is usually caused by vomiting or diuretic use and is not associated with decreased respiratory rate or cyanosis.

A. Introduce a regular diet B. Rehydrate. C. Maintain fluid therapy. D. Assess fluid balance.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Rationale:
A. Introducing a regular diet is important but not the immediate priority in severe diarrhea.
B. Rehydration is the most critical initial step to prevent or treat dehydration and shock.
C. Maintaining fluid therapy is important after rehydration is initiated but not the first action.
D. Assessing fluid balance is necessary but secondary to initiating rehydration.

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The failure of the lungs to adequately eliminate CO2 results in?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse admits an older adult to the ED and notes that the client is cyanotic and has a respiratory rate of 6 breaths/min. Which acid-base imbalance should the nurse associate with this finding?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is planning care for a child who has severe diarrhea. Which of the following actions is the purse's priority?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for an infant who is dehydrated and requires IV therapy. The nurse should monitor the infant's response to therapy by performing which of the following actions?

A client is admitted for a diagnosis of sepsis secondary to a urinary tract infection. The client's repeat ABG is: pH 7.37, PC02 30, HCO3 of 18. Which acid-base imbalance is the client exhibiting?

Use Case Study to answer the following questions. Exhibits Which nursing intervention is most appropriate when administering IV potassium chloride?

A nurse is providing education to a client about magnesium oxide. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a correct understanding of magnesium oxide?

If a patient began vomiting and continued to do so for several hours, the nurse is aware that this loss of stomach contents can result in:

The nurse is aware that which of the following results when an increased concentration of hydrogen ions occurs within the body fluids?

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has dehydration. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A nurse is caring for a client with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and documents that the client is experiencing Kussmaul respirations. Based on this documentation, which of the following did the nurse most likely observe?