Using the Parkland formula, calculate the fluid rate per hour for a patient with 30% TBSA burn, weighing 75 kg, during the first 8 hours of fluid resuscitation.

A. Infection prevention is managed through sterile technique and proper tracheostomy care, not by using a one-way valve cap.
B. A one-way valve cap does not deliver oxygen; in fact, it requires that the patient be able to breathe through their upper airway.
C. The purpose of a one-way valve cap (such as a Passy-Muir valve) is to facilitate speech by allowing air to enter through the tracheostomy but forcing exhaled air through the vocal cords and upper airway, enabling phonation and improved communication.
D. Suctioning is performed through the tracheostomy tube, but the one-way valve cap is not designed to assist in that process.

A. Smoke inhalation injuries primarily affect the respiratory tract, not just the skin.
B. Airway compromise and pulmonary edema can quickly develop following smoke inhalation due to thermal injury, chemical irritation, or inflammation. Early recognition and intervention are critical to prevent respiratory failure.
C. Smoke inhalation injuries often lead to immediate and potentially life-threatening complications, such as airway edema, carbon monoxide poisoning, and respiratory distress.
D. While individuals with pre-existing respiratory conditions may be more vulnerable, smoke inhalation injuries can occur in anyone exposed to smoke in a fire and are not limited to those with underlying conditions.