What diagnostic tests should be done immediately if meningitis is suspected?

Blood cultures and CT scan

Stool culture and ultrasound

Urine analysis and chest X-ray

ECG and pulmonary function tests

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Blood cultures help identify the causative organism, and a CT scan is often performed before lumbar puncture to rule out increased intracranial pressure or mass effect, which can contraindicate lumbar puncture.
B. Stool culture and ultrasound are unrelated to meningitis diagnosis.
C. Urinalysis and chest X-ray do not diagnose meningitis.
D. ECG and pulmonary function tests are not relevant for meningitis evaluation.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Left-sided weakness may occur with a stroke or focal brain lesion, not typically with meningitis.
B. Nuchal rigidity (stiff neck) is a hallmark sign of meningeal irritation seen in meningitis.
C. Fatigue is nonspecific and can occur in many illnesses but is not a defining feature of meningitis.
D. Chest pain is unrelated to the inflammation of the meninges.

A. Increased systemic blood pressure B. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone activation C. Ventricular hypertrophy D. Ventricular dilation

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Increased systemic blood pressure – While systemic vasoconstriction may occur to maintain perfusion, it is a result of compensatory mechanisms like RAAS, not a primary mechanism leading to fluid retention and edema.

B. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone activation – RAAS leads to:

Sodium and water retention via aldosterone

Vasoconstriction via angiotensin II

These changes increase intravascular volume, contributing to fluid overload and edema.

C. Ventricular hypertrophy – This is a structural adaptation to increased workload (pressure overload), not directly responsible for fluid retention.

D. Ventricular dilation – Dilation occurs as a result of chronic volume overload, not as a compensatory mechanism causing fluid retention.

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What diagnostic tests should be done immediately if meningitis is suspected?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following is a common symptom of meningitis?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which compensatory mechanism is involved in both chronic heart failure and decompensated heart failure, leading to fluid retention and edema?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has a mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). Which of the following manifestations should the nurse immediately report to the provider?

What compensatory mechanism involved in both chronic heart failure and decompensated heart failure leads to fluid retention and edema?

An acute care nurse receives a shift report for a client who has increased intracranial pressure. The nurse is told that the client demonstrates decorticate posturing. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect to observe when assessing the client?

A nurse notes an increased heart rate in a patient with heart failure. Which compensatory mechanism is likely at play?

During the first stage of increased intracranial pressure, the brain attempts to compensate by employing a mechanism called:

What happens in stage four of intracranial pressure?

Which of the following statements about furosemide and potassium is true?

If a person is discovered injured and in need of medical care, if there is concern for a brain injury, what should be done to prevent further neurolog injury?