What is an advantage of peritoneal dialysis?
Treatments are done in hospitals.
Protein loss is less extensive
Parents and older children can perform treatments.
Dietary limitations are not necessary.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Treatments are done in hospitals is incorrect because peritoneal dialysis is typically performed at home, not exclusively in hospitals. Home-based treatment is one of its key distinctions from hemodialysis.
B. Protein loss is less extensive is incorrect because peritoneal dialysis is associated with greater protein loss compared with hemodialysis due to protein leakage across the peritoneal membrane.
C. Parents and older children can perform treatments is correct because peritoneal dialysis can be done at home after proper training. This allows greater independence, flexibility, and a more normal lifestyle for children and families.
D. Dietary limitations are not necessary is incorrect because dietary and fluid restrictions are still required with peritoneal dialysis, although they may be less strict than with hemodialysis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. The development of pubic hair is incorrect as the first sign of puberty in most females. Pubic hair usually appears after the onset of breast development and is part of adrenarche, which occurs later in puberty.
B. Breast development is correct. The initial sign of female puberty is thelarche, or the development of breast buds, typically occurring between 8 and 13 years of age. Breast development signals the beginning of gonadarche, the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis.
C. The onset of menstruation is incorrect because menarche usually occurs 2–2.5 years after breast development. Menarche indicates more advanced pubertal development rather than the first sign.
D. The growth spurt is incorrect because although girls experience a rapid increase in height during puberty, the growth spurt usually occurs after breast budding begins, not before.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Elevated serum carbon dioxide is incorrect because in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), serum bicarbonate (CO2 content) is usually decreased, reflecting metabolic acidosis rather than an elevation.
B. No urinary ketones is incorrect because the presence, not absence, of ketones is characteristic of DKA. Children in DKA typically have ketonuria and ketonemia, which contribute to acidosis.
C. Elevated serum phosphorus is incorrect because phosphorus levels in DKA are often normal or low due to urinary losses and shifts associated with acidosis and insulin therapy. It is not a diagnostic marker for DKA.
D. Low arterial pH is correct because DKA is characterized by metabolic acidosis, reflected by a low arterial pH (<7.35). The accumulation of ketone bodies (acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate) lowers blood pH, confirming the presence of DKA.
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