What is the formula for calculating the renal clearance?
Clearance = urine flow rate x urine concentration / plasma concentration.
Clearance = urine flow rate x plasma concentration / urine concentration.
Clearance = plasma flow rate x urine concentration / plasma concentration.
Clearance = plasma flow rate x plasma concentration / urine concentration.
The Correct Answer is A
Clearance = urine flow rate x urine concentration / plasma concentration. This is the formula for calculating the renal clearance of a substance that is neither reabsorbed nor secreted by the tubules. Renal clearance is the volume of plasma that would have to be filtered by the glomeruli each minute to account for the amount of that substance appearing in the urine each minute.
Choice B is wrong because it has the urine concentration and plasma concentration inverted.
This would give an incorrect value for renal clearance.
Choice C is wrong because it has the plasma flow rate instead of the urine flow rate.
Plasma flow rate is not directly related to renal clearance.
Choice D is wrong because it has both the plasma flow rate and the urine concentration and plasma concentration inverted.
This would give an incorrect value for renal clearance.
Normal ranges for renal clearance vary depending on the substance, age, sex, and body size.
For example, the normal range for creatinine clearance is 85-125 mL/min for males and 75-115 mL/min for females.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
This is because hyponatremia is a condition where sodium levels in your blood are lower than normal, usually due to too much water in your body that dilutes the sodium. A hypertonic saline solution is a fluid that has a higher concentration of sodium than blood, and it can help restore the normal sodium balance by drawing water out of the cells.
Choice A is wrong because restricting fluid intake may not be enough to correct severe hyponatremia, and it may worsen the symptoms of dehydration.
Choice C is wrong because encouraging increased fluid intake will further lower the sodium levels and increase the risk of complications such as brain swelling.
Choice D is wrong because administering a loop diuretic will cause more sodium and water loss from the kidneys, which can worsen hyponatremia and dehydration.
Normal ranges for blood sodium levels are between 135 and 145 milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L).
Hyponatremia is defined as a blood sodium level below 135 mEq/L1.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Increased urine output is a sign of adequate hydration, as it means the kidneys are filtering waste and fluids from the body through the urine. The urine should be pale straw or lemonade colored, which indicates good hydration.
Choice B is wrong because decreased urine output is a sign of dehydration, as it means the kidneys are not working well and waste products are accumulating in the blood.
The urine may be dark and strong smelling, which indicates poor hydration.
Choice C is wrong because dry mucous membranes are a sign of dehydration, as they indicate a lack of fluid in the body tissues.
Choice D is wrong because hypertension is not a direct indicator of hydration status, although dehydration can cause low BP due to reduced blood volume.
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