A client is admitted with dehydration and hypokalemia.
Which of the following signs and symptoms would the nurse expect to find (Select all that apply).
Muscle weakness.
Constipation.
Hyperreflexia.
Cardiac dysrhythmias.
Nausea and vomiting.
Correct Answer : A,B,D
These are all signs and symptoms of hypokalemia, which is a condition where the blood potassium level is too low. This can affect the function of the muscles, nerves, and heart. Therefore, the nurse would expect to find these signs and symptoms in a client with dehydration and hypokalemia.
Choice C is wrong because hyperreflexia is not a sign or symptom of hypokalemia.
Hyperreflexia is a condition where the reflexes are exaggerated or overactive.
This can be caused by conditions such as spinal cord injury, stroke, or electrolyte imbalances such as hypocalcemia or hypomagnesemia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
This is because intravenous potassium supplementation is indicated for patients with profound hypokalemia (plasma K+ <2.5 mmol/L) or cardiac arrhythmia. The rate of infusion should not exceed 10 mmol/hour to prevent complications such as hyperkalemia, cardiac arrhythmias, and phlebitis.
Choice A is wrong because monitoring urine output every 8 hours is not sufficient to prevent complications from intravenous potassium replacement therapy.
Urine output should be monitored more frequently (at least every 4 hours) to assess renal function and fluid balance.
Choice B is wrong because administering potassium via a bolus injection is dangerous and can cause fatal cardiac arrhythmias.
Potassium should never be given by intravenous push or intramuscular injection.
Choice D is wrong because encouraging the client to eat potassium-rich foods is not appropriate for patients receiving intravenous potassium replacement therapy.
Oral potassium supplementation is preferred for patients with mild to moderate hypokalemia (plasma K+ 2.5-3.5 mmol/L) who can eat and absorb oral potassium.
Potassium-rich foods include potatoes, legumes, juices, seafood, leafy greens, dairy, tomatoes and bananas.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Oliguria is the term for a urine output less than 400 mL per day. This can indicate dehydration, kidney failure, urinary obstruction, or other conditions that affect urine production.
Choice A is wrong because anuria is the term for a urine output less than 100 mL per day.
This is a more severe form of oliguria and can indicate complete kidney failure or urinary obstruction.
Choice C is wrong because polyuria is the term for a urine output more than 3000 mL per day.
This can indicate diabetes mellitus, diabetes insipidus, diuretic use, or excessive fluid intake.
Choice D is wrong because dysuria is the term for painful or difficult urination.
This can indicate urinary tract infection, kidney stones, bladder inflammation, or other conditions that affect the urinary tract.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today