What is the most significant solute in determining the distribution of water among fluid compartments?
Na+
Cl-
Ca2+
K+
Pi
The Correct Answer is A
A. Na⁺ (Sodium): Sodium is the major extracellular cation and is the primary determinant of extracellular fluid volume and osmosis.
B. Cl⁻ (Chloride): Important, but usually follows sodium; not the primary driver of water distribution.
C. Ca²⁺ (Calcium): Vital for many functions but not the main regulator of fluid distribution.
D. K⁺ (Potassium): Primary intracellular cation, but sodium has a greater role in overall water movement across compartments.
E. Pi (Phosphate): Mainly intracellular; important in buffering and metabolism but not in water distribution.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Corniculate cartilage: Small horn-shaped cartilages that sit on top of the arytenoid cartilages; not the largest.
B. Epiglottic cartilage: Leaf-shaped cartilage that covers the glottis during swallowing; important but smaller than the thyroid cartilage.
C. Thyroid cartilage: This is the largest laryngeal cartilage; it forms the laryngeal prominence (Adam’s apple).
D. Cricoid cartilage: Ring-shaped and located below the thyroid cartilage; it is smaller than the thyroid cartilage but thicker posteriorly.
E. Arytenoid cartilage: Pyramid-shaped cartilages involved in vocal cord movement; smaller in size.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Baroreceptors: Sense blood pressure changes, not osmolarity or thirst.
B. Proprioceptors: Detect body position and movement; unrelated to fluid balance.
C. Nociceptors: Detect pain; not involved in fluid regulation.
D. Osmoreceptors: Located in the hypothalamus, they detect changes in blood osmolarity and stimulate thirst when osmolarity rises.
E. Mechanoreceptors: Respond to mechanical changes like pressure or stretch, not osmolarity.
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