What is the most significant solute in determining the distribution of water among fluid compartments?
Na+
Cl-
Ca2+
K+
Pi
The Correct Answer is A
A. Na⁺ (Sodium): Sodium is the major extracellular cation and is the primary determinant of extracellular fluid volume and osmosis.
B. Cl⁻ (Chloride): Important, but usually follows sodium; not the primary driver of water distribution.
C. Ca²⁺ (Calcium): Vital for many functions but not the main regulator of fluid distribution.
D. K⁺ (Potassium): Primary intracellular cation, but sodium has a greater role in overall water movement across compartments.
E. Pi (Phosphate): Mainly intracellular; important in buffering and metabolism but not in water distribution.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"B"}
Explanation
A. Lymph nodes: Lymph nodes do undergo some changes with age but not as dramatically as the thymus.
B. Thymus: The thymus undergoes involution after puberty, shrinking in size and being replaced largely by fat, which significantly reduces T-cell production.
C. Spleen: While some function may decline with age, the spleen does not undergo the same marked involution as the thymus.
D. Pharyngeal tonsils: The tonsils may atrophy slightly with age, but the effect is less pronounced than with the thymus.
E. Appendix: The appendix may reduce in lymphoid tissue over time but does not exhibit the same profound involution.
Correct Answer is E
Explanation
A. The production of nitrogenous wastes: Refers to metabolism, not elimination.
B. Glomerular filtration: An early step in urine formation, but not the act of urinating itself.
C. The countercurrent multiplier process: A mechanism in the nephron loop that concentrates urine, not related to urination.
D. Inflammation of the urinary bladder: Describes cystitis, not micturition.
E. The elimination of urine: Micturition is the process of expelling urine from the bladder through the urethra.
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