What is the purpose of the Review of Systems when conducting a history and physical on a patient?
Capture the patient's personality and interests, sources of support, strengths, and fears.
Obtain objective information regarding the patient's various body systems.
Provide a complete and chronologic account of the problems prompting the patient to seek care.
Uncover problems the patient has overlooked, particularly in areas unrelated to the present illness.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Capture the patient's personality and interests, sources of support, strengths, and fears is incorrect because this describes aspects of the social history and psychosocial assessment, not the Review of Systems (ROS).
B. Obtain objective information regarding the patient's various body systems is incorrect because the ROS is based on subjective, patient-reported symptoms, not objective findings. Objective data is collected during the physical examination and diagnostic testing.
C. Provide a complete and chronologic account of the problems prompting the patient to seek care is incorrect because this describes the history of present illness (HPI), which focuses on the timeline and details of the chief complaint.
D. Uncover problems the patient has overlooked, particularly in areas unrelated to the present illness is correct because the Review of Systems (ROS) is a systematic set of questions covering all body systems to identify additional symptoms that the patient may not have mentioned. It helps detect hidden or unrelated issues, ensuring a comprehensive assessment.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Retinal detachment is correct because it often presents as sudden, painless, unilateral vision loss. Patients may describe a curtain or shadow descending over the visual field, flashes of light, or floaters. Retinal detachment is an ophthalmic emergency, as prompt surgical intervention is required to prevent permanent vision loss.
B. Corneal ulcer is incorrect because it typically causes pain, redness, tearing, photophobia, and decreased vision, not painless vision loss. Corneal ulcers are often associated with infection or trauma and are usually painful, unlike retinal detachment.
C. Acute glaucoma is incorrect because acute angle-closure glaucoma presents with sudden, severe eye pain, headache, nausea, halos around lights, and blurred vision, often with a steamy cornea and mid-dilated pupil. Vision loss is usually accompanied by significant discomfort, making it a painful condition rather than painless.
D. Uveitis is incorrect because it usually causes eye pain, photophobia, redness, and blurred vision, which are painful and inflammatory symptoms. Vision loss is not typically sudden and painless, and it may be bilateral depending on the underlying cause.
Correct Answer is ["A","D"]
Explanation
A. Kernig sign is correct because it assesses meningeal irritation. The APRN flexes the patient’s hip and knee to 90° and then attempts to extend the knee. Pain or resistance in the hamstrings during this maneuver is a positive Kernig sign, suggestive of meningeal inflammation, commonly seen in meningitis.
B. Murphy’s sign is incorrect because it is used to assess cholecystitis. Pain and inspiratory arrest upon palpation of the right upper quadrant occurs during Murphy’s test, which is unrelated to meningeal inflammation.
C. Trendelenburg sign is incorrect because it assesses hip abductor muscle weakness, particularly in gluteus medius or minimus weakness, often associated with hip disorders. It does not assess meningeal irritation.
D. Brudzinski sign is correct because it also evaluates meningeal irritation. When the APRN flexes the patient’s neck forward, involuntary hip and knee flexion indicates a positive Brudzinski sign, which is highly suggestive of meningitis.
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