What is the rationale for a person taking lithium to have enough water and salt in their diet?
Water and salt convert lithium into a usable solute.
Lithium is a salt that has greater affinity for receptor sites than sodium chloride.
Salt and water are necessary to dilute lithium to avoid toxicity.
Lithium is metabolized in the liver, necessitating increased water and salt.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: This is incorrect because water and salt do not convert lithium into a usable solute. Lithium is already a salt and is absorbed and distributed in the body without needing conversion.
Choice B reason: This is inaccurate because lithium does not compete with sodium chloride for receptor sites. Instead, lithium and sodium share similar renal excretion pathways, and sodium depletion can increase lithium reabsorption, leading to toxicity.
Choice C reason: This is correct because adequate salt and water intake help maintain stable lithium levels. Lithium is excreted by the kidneys, and dehydration or low sodium levels cause the kidneys to retain lithium, increasing the risk of toxicity. Maintaining hydration and normal sodium intake prevents dangerous fluctuations in serum lithium concentration.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect because lithium is not metabolized in the liver. It is excreted unchanged by the kidneys, so liver metabolism is not relevant to its clearance.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:Withdrawal dependence refers to the physical and psychological symptoms experienced when alcohol use is stopped. This is not what the client is describing, as they are talking about needing more alcohol to achieve the same effect.
Choice B reason:This is correct because tolerance occurs when the body adapts to repeated exposure to alcohol, requiring larger amounts to achieve the same pleasurable effects. The client’s progression from one to two drinks to six drinks per episode clearly demonstrates tolerance.
Choice C reason:Intoxication refers to the immediate effects of alcohol consumption, such as impaired judgment, coordination, and mood changes. It does not explain the need for increasing amounts over time.
Choice D reason:Physical dependence involves experiencing withdrawal symptoms when alcohol is not consumed. The client’s statement does not describe withdrawal but rather the need for more alcohol to feel the same effect, which is tolerance.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Physical symptoms such as fatigue, sleep disturbances, and appetite changes are important in evaluating depression. They help determine severity and guide treatment.
Choice B reason: Thinking processes, including cognitive distortions and concentration difficulties, are central to depression evaluation. They influence functioning and recovery.
Choice C reason: Potential for suicide is the most critical factor in depression evaluation. Assessing suicide risk ensures client safety and guides urgent interventions.
Choice D reason: Basic personality type is the least important factor. While personality traits may influence coping styles, they do not directly determine the severity or immediate management of depression. Clinical evaluation focuses more on symptoms and suicide risk.
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