What must be released in order for males to develop secondary sex characteristics?
estrogen
progesterone
testosterone
growth hormone
The Correct Answer is C
A. estrogen: Estrogen is the primary hormone responsible for female secondary sex characteristics, such as breast development and pelvic widening. While males produce small amounts of estrogen through the aromatization of testosterone, it does not drive the development of male traits. Excessive estrogen in males can lead to feminization.
B. progesterone: This hormone is primarily involved in the female menstrual cycle and the maintenance of pregnancy. It prepares the endometrium for implantation and supports the secretory phase of the uterine cycle. It plays no significant role in the development of male secondary sex characteristics or male reproductive maturation.
C. testosterone: Secreted by the interstitial endocrine cells of the testes, testosterone is the primary androgen responsible for male maturation. It drives the growth of facial and body hair, the deepening of the voice through laryngeal enlargement, and the increase in muscle mass. It is also essential for the initiation of spermatogenesis.
D. growth hormone: While growth hormone is essential for overall somatic growth and bone elongation during puberty, it does not specifically determine sexual characteristics. It works synergistically with sex steroids but lacks the specific androgenic effects required for the development of male-specific traits. Its action is generalized across most body tissues.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. spermatid: This is the stage where spermiogenesis occurs, which is the physical transformation of a non-motile round cell into a specialized spermatozoon. During this phase, the cell develops a flagellum, or tail, condenses its nucleus, and forms an acrosomal cap. It is a morphogenetic process rather than a cellular division.
B. primary spermatocyte: This diploid cell is prepared to undergo meiosis 1 to reduce the chromosome count. At this stage, the cell is large and spherical, lacking any specialized locomotory structures like a flagellum. Its primary physiological focus is DNA replication and genetic recombination through synapsis and crossing over.
C. spermatogonium: These are the stem cells of the germline located on the basement membrane of the seminiferous tubules. They undergo mitosis to maintain the cell population but do not possess any characteristics of a mature sperm cell. They are simple cuboidal epithelial cells with no flagellar precursors or tail structures.
D. secondary spermatocyte: These haploid cells are the products of the first meiotic division and are destined to undergo meiosis 2. They remain spherical in shape and do not yet initiate the morphological changes required for swimming. The development of the tail is reserved for the post-meiotic differentiation phase.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. false: In a typical anteverted and anteflexed position, the uterus sits superior to and slightly posterior to the urinary bladder. The body of the uterus rests upon the superior surface of the bladder, which is why a pregnant uterus can put pressure on the bladder, increasing urinary frequency. The bladder is the most anterior of the pelvic viscera.
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