What nursing intervention enhances the nutritional status of a patient with COPD?

Offer small frequent meals

Encourage extra liquids with meals

Assist the patient to exercise before meals

Supply information about nutrition

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Offer small frequent meals

Offering small, frequent meals is beneficial for patients with COPD because it helps overcome the challenges associated with dyspnea and fatigue. Large meals can cause discomfort and increase the effort required for breathing, which can exacerbate respiratory symptoms. By providing smaller, more manageable portions of food throughout the day, patients with COPD can maintain their energy levels and meet their nutritional needs without experiencing excessive respiratory distress.

B. Encourage extra liquids with meals

Encouraging extra liquids with meals can help prevent dehydration and thin respiratory secretions, making it easier for patients with COPD to manage their respiratory symptoms. However, excessive fluid intake can also lead to feelings of fullness and discomfort, especially in patients with compromised lung function. Therefore, while it's important to encourage adequate hydration, particularly during meals, it's also essential to balance fluid intake to avoid exacerbating respiratory symptoms.

C. Assist the patient to exercise before meals

While regular exercise is beneficial for overall health and can help improve respiratory function in patients with COPD, exercising immediately before meals may not be practical or advisable for all patients. Patients with COPD may experience fatigue and dyspnea during physical activity, which can affect their ability to eat and digest food effectively. Additionally, exercising before meals may increase energy expenditure and exacerbate respiratory symptoms, making it more challenging for patients to consume an adequate amount of nutrients. Instead, patients with COPD may benefit from engaging in light physical activity or respiratory exercises at a different time of day to improve their respiratory function and overall well-being.

D. Supply information about nutrition

Providing information about nutrition is essential for patients with COPD to help them make healthy dietary choices and manage their condition effectively. However, simply supplying information may not be sufficient to enhance the nutritional status of patients with COPD. It's important to offer practical guidance and support, such as meal planning tips, dietary modifications, and strategies for overcoming barriers to healthy eating. Additionally, individualized dietary counseling from a registered dietitian can be beneficial for patients with COPD to address specific nutritional needs and preferences.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Position the client on the nonoperative side.

Positioning the client on the nonoperative side after a pneumonectomy may not be the best choice. The positioning of the client post-pneumonectomy should be based on factors such as the individual's comfort, respiratory status, and any specific instructions from the healthcare provider. Placing the client on the nonoperative side may inadvertently put pressure on the surgical site, leading to discomfort or potential complications.

B. Monitor respiratory status every 8 hr.

Monitoring respiratory status every 8 hours is not sufficient for a client post-pneumonectomy. After such a major surgical procedure, respiratory status should be closely monitored and assessed more frequently, especially in the immediate postoperative period. This frequency allows for the early detection of any signs of respiratory distress, such as decreased oxygen saturation, dyspnea, or abnormal breath sounds, as well as complications like pneumothorax or atelectasis.

C. Elevate the head of the bed to a 15° angle.

Elevating the head of the bed to a 15° angle is a general recommendation for clients postoperative to promote respiratory function and reduce the risk of aspiration. However, after a pneumonectomy, the positioning of the client may vary based on their individual condition and surgical approach. It's important to follow the healthcare provider's specific instructions regarding positioning for optimal recovery. The angle of elevation may need to be adjusted based on the client's comfort and respiratory status.

D. Encourage the client to splint the incision when coughing.

After a pneumonectomy, it's crucial to encourage the client to splint the incision when coughing. Splinting the incision with a pillow or hands helps to reduce pain and prevent strain on the surgical site, promoting healing and minimizing the risk of complications such as wound dehiscence (opening of the surgical incision).

A. Place tissue soiled with respiratory secretions in a paper bag for later disposal. B. Provide samples for sputum cultures every 6 weeks. C. Consume alcohol in moderation while taking antituberculosis medications. D. Wear a mask while out or around crowds of people.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Place tissue soiled with respiratory secretions in a paper bag for later disposal:

This instruction is not accurate or recommended for managing tissue soiled with respiratory secretions, particularly in the context of tuberculosis (TB) infection. TB is transmitted through the air via respiratory droplets, so proper disposal of contaminated materials is crucial to prevent the spread of the infection. Instead of placing tissue in a paper bag, it should be disposed of in a sealed plastic bag to minimize the risk of transmission. Additionally, individuals with TB should be instructed on proper respiratory hygiene practices, such as covering their mouth and nose with a tissue or their elbow when coughing or sneezing, to prevent the spread of infectious droplets.

B. Provide samples for sputum cultures every 6 weeks:

Sputum cultures are an essential component of monitoring and managing tuberculosis (TB) treatment. However, obtaining samples every 6 weeks is not frequent enough, especially during the initial phase of treatment. In the early stages of TB treatment, sputum cultures are typically obtained more frequently, often weekly or biweekly, to monitor the response to treatment, assess for drug resistance, and ensure treatment effectiveness. As treatment progresses and the patient's condition stabilizes, the frequency of sputum cultures may be adjusted based on clinical judgment and guidelines.

C. Consume alcohol in moderation while taking antituberculosis medications:

Alcohol consumption is generally discouraged while taking antituberculosis medications. Some antituberculosis drugs, such as isoniazid and rifampin, can interact with alcohol and cause adverse effects, such as liver toxicity or drug metabolism issues. Therefore, individuals undergoing treatment for tuberculosis should be advised to abstain from alcohol consumption or limit it to a minimum to avoid potential complications. Providing instructions on alcohol consumption is an important aspect of tuberculosis management and medication adherence.

D. Wear a mask while out or around crowds of people:

This instruction is crucial for individuals with pulmonary tuberculosis to prevent the spread of the infection to others. Tuberculosis is transmitted through the air via respiratory droplets, particularly when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. Wearing a mask while out or in crowded settings helps reduce the risk of transmitting infectious droplets to others and is an important infection control measure. It is especially important during the early stages of treatment when the individual is still infectious and shedding bacteria. Proper mask use, along with other respiratory hygiene practices, can help protect both the individual with tuberculosis and those around them from the spread of infection.

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What nursing intervention enhances the nutritional status of a patient with COPD?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who is postoperative following a pneumonectomy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to review discharge instructions with a client who has pulmonary tuberculosis. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is collecting data from a client who is having an acute asthma exacerbation. When auscultating the client's chest, the nurse should expect to hear which of the following sounds?

What nursing intervention enhances the nutritional status of a patient with COPD?

The nurse is providing instruction about ipratropium (Atrovent) to a patient with COPD. Which is a common adverse effect that tends to resolve with therapy?

Which of the following is true regarding the physiology of an open pneumothorax?

A nurse is collecting data on a client who has oxygen toxicity. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative and has developed atelectasis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A nurse is caring for a client who has an acute respiratory illness. For which of the following manifestations of an airway obstruction should the nurse monitor? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is caring for a client who has COPD. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?