What triggers the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow?
Low platelet count
High blood pressure
Low oxygen levels in the blood
Increased white blood cell count
The Correct Answer is C
A. Low platelet count: A low platelet count stimulates the production of more platelets, not red blood cells. Platelets are involved in clotting, and their regulation is independent of red blood cell production.
B. High blood pressure: Blood pressure does not directly trigger red blood cell production. It is regulated by cardiac output and vascular resistance, not by erythropoiesis.
C. Low oxygen levels in the blood: Hypoxia stimulates the kidneys to release erythropoietin, which signals the bone marrow to increase red blood cell production. This process enhances the blood’s oxygen-carrying capacity.
D. Increased white blood cell count: An elevated white blood cell count typically indicates infection or inflammation and does not directly influence the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Stimulate immune function: The pineal gland does not have a direct role in immune function. While some research suggests melatonin may have minor immune-modulating effects, this is not its primary function.
B. Regulate sleep-wake cycles: The pineal gland produces melatonin, a hormone that helps regulate circadian rhythms. Melatonin secretion increases in darkness and decreases in light, playing a key role in promoting sleep and maintaining sleep-wake cycles.
C. Regulate metabolism: Metabolic regulation is primarily controlled by the thyroid gland, pancreas, and hypothalamus, not the pineal gland. The pineal’s influence on metabolism is indirect at best through circadian rhythm regulation.
D. Control blood sugar levels: Blood sugar regulation is managed by the pancreas through insulin and glucagon secretion. The pineal gland does not directly affect glucose homeostasis.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Myelin sheath: The myelin sheath insulates neurons to speed up signal transmission but is not part of the muscle structure itself.
B. Synaptic cleft: The synaptic cleft is the gap between a neuron and muscle fiber where neurotransmitters are released, but it does not directly generate contraction.
C. Sarcomeres: Sarcomeres are the functional units of skeletal muscle fibers composed of actin and myosin filaments. Their organized structure allows efficient contraction through the sliding filament mechanism.
D. Mitochondria: Mitochondria produce ATP, providing energy for muscle contraction, but the structural arrangement of sarcomeres is what enables efficient contraction mechanics.
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