Which immune system disorder is characterized by the immune system attacking the body's own cells?
Allergic reaction
Autoimmune disease
Immunodeficiency
Chronic inflammation
The Correct Answer is B
A. Allergic reaction: Allergic reactions occur when the immune system overreacts to harmless external substances, such as pollen or food proteins, rather than attacking the body’s own cells.
B. Autoimmune disease: Autoimmune diseases arise when the immune system mistakenly targets and destroys the body’s own healthy cells and tissues, leading to conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, or lupus.
C. Immunodeficiency: Immunodeficiency involves a weakened or absent immune response, making the body more susceptible to infections, rather than attacking its own cells.
D. Chronic inflammation: Chronic inflammation is a prolonged immune response to persistent infection or irritants, which can damage tissues over time, but it is not defined by the immune system attacking self-cells.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Chemoreceptors: Chemoreceptors detect chemical changes in the environment, including molecules responsible for taste and smell. They convert chemical stimuli into nerve impulses that the brain interprets as specific flavors or odors.
B. Mechanoreceptors: Mechanoreceptors respond to mechanical pressure or distortion, such as touch, vibration, and sound. They are not involved in detecting chemical stimuli like taste or smell.
C. Photoreceptors: Photoreceptors are specialized cells in the retina that respond to light. They enable vision but do not respond to chemical stimuli in the environment.
D. Thermoreceptors: Thermoreceptors detect changes in temperature, such as heat or cold, and send signals to the brain to regulate body temperature. They are not sensitive to chemical molecules involved in taste or smell.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Type O-negative: Type O-negative blood lacks A, B, and Rh antigens on the red blood cells, making it compatible with all other blood types for transfusions. It is therefore considered the universal donor for red blood cells.
B. Type B-negative: Type B-negative blood contains B antigens and lacks A antigens, so it cannot be safely transfused to individuals with A or AB blood types.
C. Type AB-positive: Type AB-positive blood has both A and B antigens and the Rh factor, meaning it can receive blood from all types (universal recipient) but is not a universal donor.
D. Type A-positive: Type A-positive blood contains A antigens and the Rh factor. It can only be transfused to individuals with compatible A or AB blood types, not universally.
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