When administering eye drops, which of the following is a crucial step to avoid contamination?
Shake the bottle before use
Administer while the patient is standing
Instill directly onto the cornea
Do not touch the dropper tip to any surface.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Shake the bottle before use: Shaking may be necessary for suspensions to ensure even distribution of medication, but it does not prevent contamination. While important for proper dosing, it is not the primary infection control measure.
B. Administer while the patient is standing: The patient’s position affects comfort and ease of administration but does not influence contamination risk. Positioning can be adjusted to facilitate proper instillation into the conjunctival sac.
C. Instill directly onto the cornea: Placing drops directly on the cornea can cause irritation or injury. Eye drops should be placed in the conjunctival sac, which does not reduce contamination risk but ensures safety and comfort.
D. Do not touch the dropper tip to any surface.: Avoiding contact with the dropper tip prevents introduction of microorganisms that could contaminate the medication. Contaminated tips can cause eye infections, making this step crucial for safe administration.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. To treat hyperlipidemia: Brilinta does not lower cholesterol or alter lipid pathways. Hyperlipidemia requires medications that directly modify lipid metabolism, such as statins. Using Brilinta for this purpose would leave the lipid disorder untreated.
B. To prevent thrombotic events in patients with acute coronary syndrome: Brilinta inhibits the P2Y12 receptor on platelets, reducing aggregation and decreasing the likelihood of clot formation. This protects against stent thrombosis and recurrent myocardial infarction in ACS patients. It is routinely paired with aspirin as part of dual antiplatelet therapy.
C. To manage hypertension: Brilinta has no effect on vascular resistance, cardiac output, or renal sodium handling, which are the main targets of antihypertensive therapy. Blood pressure control relies on medications such as ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, or diuretics.
D. As a first-line treatment for heart failure: Brilinta does not improve myocardial function or counteract the neurohormonal changes that worsen heart failure. Effective treatment requires medications like ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, or ARNI therapy.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Chronic kidney disease: While kidney disease requires careful monitoring of anticoagulants, it is not an absolute contraindication for warfarin. Dose adjustments and frequent INR monitoring can allow safe use in many patients with renal impairment.
B. Hypertension: Hypertension is common in patients taking warfarin but is not a contraindication. Careful blood pressure control is important to reduce the risk of hemorrhagic complications, but warfarin can still be used safely.
C. Diabetes mellitus: Diabetes does not preclude warfarin therapy. Patients with diabetes may require monitoring for cardiovascular risk, but anticoagulation is not contraindicated solely due to diabetes.
D. Active bleeding disorders: Warfarin inhibits clotting and increases bleeding risk, making it contraindicated in patients with active bleeding. Administering warfarin in this context could lead to life-threatening hemorrhage and must be avoided.
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