A patient who uses an inhaled glucocorticoid medication reports having a sore tongue. The nurse notes white spots on the patient's tongue and oral mucous membranes. After notifying the provider, the nurse will remind the patient to perform which action?
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water after each use.
Consume yogurt daily while using this medication.
Avoid using a spacer with the inhaled glucocorticoid medication.
Clean the inhaler with hot soapy water after each use.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water after each use.: Inhaled glucocorticoids can leave medication residue in the mouth that promotes fungal growth, leading to oral thrush. Rinsing and spitting after each use helps remove the residue and reduces the risk of infection.
B. Consume yogurt daily while using this medication.: Yogurt may support general gut flora but does not prevent oral candidiasis caused by inhaled steroids. It does not address the local effect of medication left on oral surfaces.
C. Avoid using a spacer with the inhaled glucocorticoid medication.: Using a spacer actually helps reduce medication deposition in the mouth and lowers the risk of thrush. Avoiding a spacer can increase oral exposure and worsen symptoms.
D. Clean the inhaler with hot soapy water after each use.: Cleaning the inhaler is good hygiene, but it does not prevent steroid residue from remaining in the mouth after inhalation. Rinsing the mouth is the key preventive measure for thrush.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. "Insulin glargine will only be given if her blood sugars are higher than 200 mg/dL.": Glargine is a long-acting insulin administered on a fixed schedule, not based on immediate blood glucose readings. Using it only for high readings would prevent stable baseline glucose control and increase the risk of hyperglycemia.
B. "Insulin glargine is the same as regular insulin, and she will require several injections during the day.": Glargine differs from regular insulin because it has a slow, steady release over 24 hours and is usually given once daily. Confusing it with regular insulin could lead to dosing errors and inadequate glucose management.
C. "Insulin glargine helps to manage elevated blood sugars after she eats, and she will require injections three times a day.": Postprandial glucose is primarily managed by rapid-acting or short-acting insulin, not glargine. Glargine provides basal coverage rather than mealtime glucose control, so multiple daily injections for meals are unnecessary.
D. "Insulin glargine will help control her blood sugar for 24 hours and will need to be given one time per day.": Glargine is a long-acting insulin that maintains steady basal insulin levels for approximately 24 hours. It is administered once daily to stabilize fasting and baseline blood glucose, complementing rapid-acting insulin for mealtime coverage.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Dries mucous membranes: Expectorants do not dry secretions; instead, they work to thin mucus. Drying the mucous membranes would make coughing less effective and could worsen congestion.
B. Stimulates secretions: Expectorants increase the production and hydration of respiratory tract secretions, which thins mucus and makes it easier to expel. This facilitates airway clearance and improves the effectiveness of coughing.
C. Suppresses the urge to cough: Cough suppressants, or antitussives, reduce the cough reflex. Expectorants do not suppress coughing but enhance mucus clearance, so they serve a different therapeutic purpose.
D. Reduces inflammation: Expectorants do not have anti-inflammatory effects. Inflammation in the respiratory tract may persist, but thinning mucus aids in symptom relief by promoting clearance rather than reducing swelling.
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