When caring for a child with Kawasaki disease, the nurse should understand that principle of care?

The child’s fever is usually responsive to antibiotics within 48 hours

The principal area of involvement is the joints

Aspirin is contraindicated

Therapeutic management includes the administration of gamma globulin and aspirin.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Therapeutic management includes the administration of gamma globulin and aspirin. This is because Kawasaki disease causes inflammation in the walls of small to medium-sized blood vessels that carry blood throughout the body and can lead to complications such as coronary artery aneurysms. Gamma globulin is an intravenous immunoglobulin that can reduce the risk of these complications, and aspirin can help lower fever and inflammation.

Choice A is wrong because the child’s fever is usually not responsive to antibiotics within 48 hours. Kawasaki disease is not caused by a bacterial infection, so antibiotics are not effective.

Choice B is wrong because the principal area of involvement is not the joints. Kawasaki disease affects mainly the blood vessels, but it can also cause swelling in glands (lymph nodes) and mucous membranes inside the mouth, nose, eyes and throat. Joint pain or swelling may occur, but it is not the main feature of the disease.

Choice C is wrong because aspirin is not contraindicated. Aspirin is part of the standard treatment for Kawasaki disease, along with gamma globulin. However, aspirin should be used with caution and under medical supervision, as it can cause Reye’s syndrome in children with viral infections.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Drying the baby after birth and wrapping the baby in a dry blanket

This prevents evaporative heat loss, which occurs when water on the skin surface evaporates and cools the skin. Evaporative heat loss is especially significant in newborns because they are wet at birth and have a large surface area relative to their body mass.

Choice B is wrong because it addresses convective heat loss, which occurs when air currents blow over the skin and carry away heat.

Convective heat loss can be prevented by keeping the baby out of drafts and away from air conditioners.

Choice C is wrong because it addresses radiant heat loss, which occurs when heat radiates from the skin to cooler objects in the environment.

Radiant heat loss can be prevented by placing the baby away from the outside wall and the windows.

Choice D is wrong because it addresses conductive heat loss, which occurs when heat transfers from the skin to cooler objects in contact with the skin.

Conductive heat loss can be prevented by warming the stethoscope and the nurse’s hands before touching the baby.

Normal body temperature for a newborn is 36.5°C to 37.5°C (97.7°F to 99.5°F).

A. Most mothers have a diet deficient in vitamin K, which results in the infant’s being deficient. B. Vitamin K prevents the synthesis of prothrombin in the liver and must be given by injection. C. Bacteria that synthesize vitamin K are not present in the newborn’s intestinal tract. D. The supply of vitamin K is inadequate for at least 3 to 4 months, and the newborn must be supplemented.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Bacteria that synthesize vitamin K is not present in the newborn’s intestinal tract. Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting, and newborns are at risk of bleeding problems due to their lack of vitamin K. Therefore, vitamin K is given by injection to prevent hemorrhagic disease in the newborn.

Choice A is wrong because most mothers do not have a diet deficient in vitamin K, and vitamin K deficiency in newborns is not related to the maternal diet.

Choice B is wrong because vitamin K does not prevent the synthesis of prothrombin in the liver, but rather enhances it. Prothrombin is a clotting factor that requires vitamin K for its production.

Choice D is wrong because the supply of vitamin K is not inadequate for at least 3 to 4 months, but rather for a few days until the newborn’s intestinal bacteria start producing it.

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When caring for a child with Kawasaki disease, the nurse should understand that principle of care?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Nurses can prevent evaporative heat loss in the newborn by:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse administers vitamin K to the newborn for which reason?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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