The nurse is performing an assessment on a child and notes the presence of Koplik’s spots. In which communicable disease are Koplik’s spots present?

Rubella

Measles (rubeola)

Chickenpox (varicella)

Exanthema subitum (roseola)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Measles (rubeola) is a communicable disease that is characterized by Koplik’s spots, which are clustered, white lesions on the buccal mucosa opposite the lower molars. They appear two to three days before the measles rash and are pathognomonic for measles.

Choice A is wrong because rubella is a different viral infection that causes a mild rash and fever, but does not have Koplik’s spots.

Choice C is wrong because chickenpox (varicella) is caused by the varicella-zoster virus and produces fluid-filled blisters on the skin, not white spots in the mouth.

Choice D is wrong because exanthema subitum (roseola) is caused by the human herpesvirus 6 or 7 and causes a high fever followed by a pink rash on the trunk and neck, but no oral lesions.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Swimming is one of the best sports for people with hemophilia because it strengthens the muscles without putting stress on the joints. Swimming is also recommended by most sports physicians and hematologists for patients with hemophilia.

Choice A is wrong because soccer is a contact sport that can cause injuries and bleeding episodes in people with hemophilia. Soccer is not recommended by most sports physicians or hematologists for patients with hemophilia.

Choice C is wrong because basketball is also a contact sport that can lead to injuries and bleeding episodes in people with hemophilia. Basketball may be safe for young children, but the risk increases with the intensity of the game.

Choice D is wrong because football is a collision sport that can cause severe injuries and bleeding episodes in people with hemophilia. Football is not recommended by most sports physicians or hematologists for patients with hemophilia.

Normal ranges for hemophilia are:

Mild hemophilia: 5% to 40% of normal clotting factor
Moderate hemophilia: 1% to 5% of normal clotting factor

Severe hemophilia: less than 1% of normal clotting factor

A. Respirations are abdominal B. Pulse and respiratory rates are slower than those in infancy C. Defense mechanisms are less efficient than those during infancy D. The presence of short, straight internal ear/throat structures and large tonsil/adenoid lymph tissue

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

This is because toddlers continue to have the short, straight internal ear canal of infants.

The lymphoid tissue of the tonsils and adenoids continues to be relatively large. These two anatomic conditions combine to predispose the toddler to frequent infections.

Choice A is wrong because respirations are abdominal. This does not affect the susceptibility to infection.

Choice B is wrong because pulse and respiratory rates are slower than those in infancy. This also does not affect the susceptibility to infection.

Choice C is wrong because defense mechanisms are less efficient than those during

infancy. This is not true, as the defense mechanisms are more efficient compared with those of infancy.

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The nurse is performing an assessment on a child and notes the presence of Koplik’s spots. In which communicable disease are Koplik’s spots present?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Parents of a school-age child with hemophilia ask the nurse, “Which sports are recommended for children with hemophilia?” Which sport should the nurse recommend?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which factor is most important in predisposing toddlers to frequent infections such as otitis media, tonsillitis, and upper respiratory tract infections?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is meeting a 5-year-old child for the first time and would like the child to cooperate during a dressing change. The nurse decides to do a simple magic trick using gauze. This should be interpreted as:

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Medications used to manage postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) include (Select all that apply.):.

As relates to rubella and Rh issues, nurses should be aware that:.

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