When considering Bulimia Nervosa, an episode is characterized by both of the following
Denial of seriousness of low weight and continued use of compensatory methods to purge calories
Eating behaviours in a period of time that is larger than most people would eat in a similar amount of time and, a sense of lack of control over the binging episode
Loss of menstrual cycle for three consecutive months with <85% of ideal body weight
Strict caloric restriction followed by purging behaviours such as laxative use or excessive exercising
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: The denial of the seriousness of low body weight is a hallmark diagnostic criterion for Anorexia Nervosa, not Bulimia Nervosa. Patients with Bulimia are often at a normal or slightly above-normal weight and are usually painfully aware of their disordered eating patterns, often experiencing significant guilt and shame.
Choice B reason: According to the DSM-5, a binge episode is defined by consuming an amount of food significantly larger than what most people would eat under similar circumstances, accompanied by a subjective sense of loss of control. This loss of control is the defining psychological feature that distinguishes binging from simple overeating.
Choice C reason: Amenorrhea and maintaining a body weight below 85% of the expected ideal are traditional clinical markers for Anorexia Nervosa. While bulimic patients may have irregular menses, they do not typically meet the low-weight requirements of anorexia, as their caloric intake during binges often offsets the calories lost during purging.
Choice D reason: While purging behaviors like laxative use and excessive exercise are components of Bulimia, they must be preceded by an objective binge episode for the diagnosis. Strict caloric restriction followed by purging is more characteristic of the binge-eating/purging subtype of Anorexia Nervosa, where the patient maintains a dangerously low body weight.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: While expressing feelings is a healthy therapeutic goal, it is a secondary outcome of the relationship rather than the primary reason for the alliance itself. Without an initial foundation of safety, a child is unlikely to feel comfortable enough to externalize internalized emotions or process the trauma.
Choice B reason: Focusing on strengths is a component of a resilience-based approach and does help build self-esteem. However, in the context of a family crisis like divorce, the child's immediate psychological need is for a stable, secure attachment figure to mitigate the instability they are experiencing at home.
Choice C reason: For a child experiencing the instability of divorce, the world feels unpredictable. Establishing a therapeutic alliance based on acceptance and trust provides a "secure base." This perceived security is the essential prerequisite for all other therapeutic work, allowing the child to feel safe while navigating their changing environment.
Choice D reason: Providing an outlet for tension is a functional benefit of therapy, often achieved through play or talk. However, the "alliance" specifically refers to the bond between the nurse and patient. This bond's priority is to ensure the child feels emotionally held and safe during a period of upheaval.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Aggressively meeting one's own needs at the expense of others indicates a lack of empathy and poor social functioning. Mental health involves the ability to balance personal needs with social responsibility and respect for the boundaries and rights of others, often lacking in those with certain personality disorders.
Choice B reason: While seeking help is sometimes appropriate, mentally healthy behavior is defined by a balance of autonomy and interdependence. Constantly seeking help when assuming responsibility for major life areas may indicate excessive dependency or a lack of self-efficacy, rather than the resilient self-governance associated with mental wellness.
Choice C reason: A primary indicator of mental health is a positive self-concept and a sense of self-efficacy. This involves recognizing one's own potential to set goals (ideals) and the capacity to function effectively within the stressors of daily life (meeting demands), reflecting successful psychological adaptation and resilience.
Choice D reason: Behaving without considering consequences is a hallmark of impulsivity and impaired judgment. Mentally healthy behavior requires the cognitive ability to engage in "future-oriented" thinking, weighing the potential outcomes of actions and making choices that promote safety, stability, and positive social integration for the individual.
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