When discontinuing a peripheral IV catheter, the LVN should:

Rationale:
A. Discontinue the IV is correct because the first and most important action when infiltration occurs is to stop the IV infusion and remove the catheter. Continuing the infusion can increase tissue damage, swelling, and discomfort, especially if the fluid is irritating to the tissues.

B. Slow the infusion rate is incorrect because slowing the infusion does not stop the fluid from leaking into the surrounding tissue. The IV must be removed to prevent further infiltration and potential tissue injury.

C. Elevate the extremity after stopping the IV is incorrect as the first action because while elevation can help reduce swelling, it is secondary to discontinuing the IV, which addresses the root cause.

D. Apply a warm compress is incorrect as the first step because compresses are only applied after the IV is discontinued to promote absorption of infiltrated fluid and relief of discomfort. Cold compresses may be used for certain types of infiltration depending on the fluid.

Rationale:
A. Non-dominant forearm is incorrect because the non-dominant arm is preferred for IV insertion to minimize interference with the patient’s daily activities and reduce the risk of accidental dislodgement.

B. Areas of flexion is correct because IVs placed over joints such as the wrist, antecubital fossa, or elbow are prone to mechanical complications. Movement at the joint can cause dislodgement, infiltration, phlebitis, or occlusion of the catheter, making these areas less ideal for routine IV placement.

C. Upper extremity veins is incorrect because veins in the upper extremity are the preferred sites for peripheral IV access due to ease of access, visibility, and patient comfort.

D. A stable, palpable vein is incorrect because a palpable vein that does not roll and is stable is ideal for IV insertion. Such veins are less likely to infiltrate or dislodge and provide reliable access for infusion.