Which IV solution is isotonic?

Rationale:
A. Eliminate the need for calculations is incorrect because even with an infusion pump, the nurse must program the correct rate and total volume, which requires accurate calculations. The pump assists with precision, but it does not remove the need for clinical judgment or math.

B. Control the rate and volume of infusion is correct. IV infusion pumps allow precise regulation of fluid or medication delivery, which is especially important for critical medications, pediatric patients, or patients requiring exact dosing. Pumps help prevent under- or over-infusion, ensuring safe and consistent therapy.

C. Increase client comfort is incorrect because although controlled infusion may be more comfortable than manual regulation, comfort is not the primary purpose of the pump. Its main role is safety and accuracy in fluid administration.

D. Reduce the risk of infection is incorrect because the pump itself does not prevent infection. Infection control depends on aseptic technique, proper catheter care, and site monitoring, not the use of an infusion pump.

Rationale:
A. Discontinue the IV is correct because the first and most important action when infiltration occurs is to stop the IV infusion and remove the catheter. Continuing the infusion can increase tissue damage, swelling, and discomfort, especially if the fluid is irritating to the tissues.

B. Slow the infusion rate is incorrect because slowing the infusion does not stop the fluid from leaking into the surrounding tissue. The IV must be removed to prevent further infiltration and potential tissue injury.

C. Elevate the extremity after stopping the IV is incorrect as the first action because while elevation can help reduce swelling, it is secondary to discontinuing the IV, which addresses the root cause.

D. Apply a warm compress is incorrect as the first step because compresses are only applied after the IV is discontinued to promote absorption of infiltrated fluid and relief of discomfort. Cold compresses may be used for certain types of infiltration depending on the fluid.