When the nurse administered two parental drugs, the solution became cloudy. What is the likely reason for the cloudiness?
The drugs were incompatible to administer together.
The client has decreased liver enzymes.
The client experienced an allergic reaction.
The drugs were administered to the wrong client.
The Correct Answer is A
A. The drugs were incompatible to administer together: Cloudiness in a parenteral solution often indicates a physical or chemical incompatibility between two medications. Incompatibilities can result in precipitation, reduced drug efficacy, or formation of potentially harmful compounds, and such combinations should be avoided or administered separately.
B. The client has decreased liver enzymes: Liver enzyme activity affects drug metabolism, not the physical appearance of a solution. Cloudiness in the IV solution is unrelated to hepatic function.
C. The client experienced an allergic reaction: Allergic reactions occur in the client’s body and are not visible in the IV solution itself. Cloudiness in the solution does not indicate an immediate hypersensitivity response.
D. The drugs were administered to the wrong client: Administering drugs to the wrong client is a medication error but would not cause the solution to appear cloudy. Cloudiness is a chemical or physical issue within the solution itself.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Diarrhea: Gastrointestinal upset, including diarrhea, is a common and generally mild side effect of metformin. While uncomfortable, it is usually self-limiting and does not indicate a life-threatening condition.
B. Shallow breathing: Shallow or labored breathing is concerning because it may indicate lactic acidosis, a rare but potentially fatal complication of metformin. Lactic acidosis occurs due to accumulation of lactate when metformin impairs mitochondrial gluconeogenesis, requiring immediate medical evaluation.
C. Nausea: Nausea is a common gastrointestinal side effect of metformin. While it may contribute to dehydration or decreased oral intake, it is usually manageable and does not require emergent intervention unless severe.
D. Metallic taste: A metallic taste in the mouth is a minor and non-life-threatening side effect of metformin. It does not pose significant health risks and is not typically a cause for urgent concern.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. It indicates that the current dose is too low: Constipation is not an indicator of inadequate analgesia. Even therapeutic doses of morphine commonly cause gastrointestinal slowing regardless of pain control.
B. It is a sign that the medication is not working: Constipation does not reflect the effectiveness of morphine for pain relief. The analgesic effect may be adequate, while opioid-induced bowel effects occur independently.
C. It is an adverse effect of the morphine: Morphine binds to mu-opioid receptors in the gastrointestinal tract, reducing peristalsis and increasing water absorption from the stool. This predictable pharmacologic effect is a common adverse reaction requiring proactive bowel management.
D. It is an interaction with another medication: While drug interactions can contribute to gastrointestinal symptoms, opioid-induced constipation is a direct pharmacologic effect of morphine itself and occurs even in the absence of other medications.
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