Which abbreviation means "as needed"?
HS
PRN
PO
MAR
The Correct Answer is B
A. HS.: HS stands for “at bedtime” or “hour of sleep.” It is used when a medication is to be administered once daily in the evening or before sleeping, not on an as-needed basis.
B. PRN.: PRN means “as needed” and is derived from the Latin phrase pro re nata. It indicates that a medication should be given only when necessary, such as for pain, nausea, or anxiety, based on the patient’s condition and nursing assessment.
C. PO.: PO stands for “by mouth” or “orally.” It refers to the route of medication administration, not the frequency or timing of dosing.
D. MAR.: MAR stands for “Medication Administration Record,” which is the document or electronic chart used by healthcare providers to record and verify medication administration times, doses, and routes.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Anticoagulants.: Anticoagulants such as heparin and warfarin are high-alert medications because dosing or administration errors can lead to life-threatening bleeding or thromboembolic events. They require close monitoring of coagulation parameters.
B. Chemotherapeutic agents.: Chemotherapy drugs are classified as high-alert due to their narrow therapeutic index and potential for severe toxicity. Even small dosing or timing errors can cause significant harm, including bone marrow suppression and organ damage.
C. Opioids.: Opioids are high-alert medications because of their potential to cause respiratory depression, sedation, and overdose when administered incorrectly. Careful dosage calculation and monitoring are essential, particularly in opioid-naïve clients.
D. Antihistamines.: Antihistamines are generally considered low-risk medications and are not classified as high-alert. While they may cause drowsiness or mild anticholinergic effects, these are rarely life-threatening, making them comparatively safer.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Giving the medication in the morning.: Administering extended-release medication in the morning is generally acceptable unless otherwise specified. The timing depends on the drug’s purpose and effect duration, but morning administration does not interfere with the medication’s release mechanism.
B. Crushing the tablet and mixing with applesauce.: Extended-release tablets are designed to release medication gradually over time. Crushing or breaking them destroys the controlled-release coating, causing the entire dose to be absorbed rapidly, which increases the risk of toxicity and adverse effects.
C. Giving the medication with their other scheduled medications.: Extended-release tablets can usually be given alongside other prescribed medications unless there are known drug interactions. This practice does not affect the tablet’s slow-release mechanism or absorption profile.
D. Administering the tablet with water.: Taking an extended-release tablet with water is appropriate and ensures adequate swallowing and absorption. Water does not interfere with the extended-release properties of the medication.
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