Which chemical is involved in the inflammatory response, regulation of body temperature, and regulation of water balance?
Dopamine
Serotonin
Acetylcholine
Histamine
The Correct Answer is D
A. Dopamine: Dopamine primarily functions as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, influencing mood, behavior, and motor control. It also plays a role in renal perfusion, but it is not a primary mediator of inflammation, temperature regulation, or water balance.
B. Serotonin: Serotonin regulates mood, sleep, appetite, and gastrointestinal motility. Although it can contribute to vasoconstriction and platelet aggregation, it is not centrally involved in inflammatory responses or the regulation of body temperature and water balance.
C. Acetylcholine: Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system, controlling muscle contraction, heart rate, and glandular secretions. It does not directly mediate inflammation, body temperature, or fluid balance.
D. Histamine: Histamine is a chemical mediator released by mast cells and basophils during inflammation. It increases vascular permeability, contributing to the inflammatory response, and acts on the hypothalamus to influence body temperature. Histamine also affects renal and vascular function, indirectly influencing water balance through its effects on capillary permeability and fluid distribution.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. A problem with maintaining and regulating temperature:Temperature regulation is controlled by the hypothalamus and autonomic nervous system. While important for homeostasis, it does not define cognition or the ability to process information.
B. The physical coordination of muscle groups in the body:Coordination of muscles, or motor function, is related to the cerebellum and motor pathways. This involves movement control rather than mental processes or awareness.
C. The ability to release hormones in response to stress:Hormonal responses to stress, such as cortisol release from the adrenal glands, are part of the endocrine system and the stress response. This is separate from cognitive function.
D. A state of awareness and the ability to perform tasks:Cognition encompasses mental processes such as attention, memory, problem-solving, reasoning, and awareness. It allows an individual to perceive, process, and respond to information and perform daily tasks effectively.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score is calculated by summing eye, verbal, and motor responses. The person opens eyes to pain (Eye = 2), exhibits abnormal extension to painful stimuli (Motor = 2), and does not speak (Verbal = 1).
Adding these: 2 + 2 + 1 = 5.
A GCS of5 accurately reflects the patient’s neurologic status.
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