Which diet would be most appropriate for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
High-calorie, high-protein diet
Bland, soft diet
Low-fat, low-cholesterol diet
Low-sodium, high calorie diet
The Correct Answer is A
A. High-calorie, high-protein diet: Increased work of breathing elevates caloric needs, and protein supports respiratory muscle strength and tissue repair. Adequate calories and protein help prevent weight loss and muscle wasting.
B. Bland, soft diet: While easier to chew, a bland soft diet does not specifically meet the increased nutritional needs of COPD clients. It may be helpful in other conditions but is not the best choice here.
C. Low-fat, low-cholesterol diet: Although heart-healthy, this diet does not address the elevated energy and protein demands of COPD. Restricting fat unnecessarily can limit caloric intake, worsening malnutrition in these clients.
D. Low-sodium, high-calorie diet: Sodium restriction is more critical for conditions like hypertension or heart failure. In COPD, the emphasis should be on high-calorie and high-protein intake rather than sodium control unless comorbidities require it.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Client fears criticism from others, including staff: This supports a diagnosis of avoidant personality disorder. Individuals with this disorder are highly sensitive to criticism or rejection, which leads them to avoid social situations despite often desiring close relationships.
B. Client shows no remorse when accidentally breaking another client’s television: This aligns more closely with antisocial personality disorder, which is characterized by disregard for others and lack of empathy or remorse.
C. Client cries loudly whenever requests are denied: This is more consistent with borderline personality disorder, where emotional regulation is poor, and reactions to perceived rejection or frustration are intense and disproportionate.
D. Client talks about three failed marriages: Multiple failed relationships are more suggestive of borderline personality disorder, which is marked by instability in interpersonal relationships, not the avoidance and fear of rejection typical of avoidant personality disorder.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Schedule a chest x-ray to evaluate for active pulmonary tuberculosis: A positive Mantoux test with induration ≥10 mm in a client without prior TB exposure indicates possible latent TB infection. A chest x-ray is necessary to rule out active disease before initiating treatment and to guide further management.
B. Instruct the client to begin a full course of antitubercular medications immediately: Starting treatment without confirming whether the infection is latent or active could be inappropriate and may lead to unnecessary drug exposure and side effects. Confirmation through imaging and possibly further testing is required first.
C. Repeat the Mantoux test in 3 months to confirm the result: Repeating the test is not necessary because an induration of 12 mm already meets the criteria for a positive result in most adults. Delaying further evaluation could postpone appropriate diagnosis and management.
D. Document the result as negative since the client has no symptoms: Absence of symptoms does not rule out latent tuberculosis. Documenting the result as negative would be inaccurate and could delay treatment or preventive measures, increasing the risk of future disease activation.
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