A nurse is caring for a client hospitalized with AIDS. A friend comes to visit the client and privately asks the nurse about the risk of contracting HIV when visiting the client. What is the nurse's best response?

"AIDS isn't transmitted by casual contact."

"You can't normally contract AIDS in a hospital setting."

"Your immune system is likely very healthy."

"Do you think that you might already have HIV?"

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. "AIDS isn't transmitted by casual contact.": HIV is transmitted through direct contact with certain body fluids (blood, semen, vaginal secretions, breast milk) and not through casual contact such as touching, hugging, or sharing objects with someone who has AIDS.

B. "You can't normally contract AIDS in a hospital setting.": While generally true due to universal precautions, this statement is vague and may not fully educate the visitor about transmission routes. It could give a false sense of security without clarifying the nature of HIV transmission.

C. "Your immune system is likely very healthy.": This does not address the visitor’s concern about HIV transmission and may be misleading. The question is about risk, not the visitor’s immune status.

D. "Do you think that you might already have HIV?": This response is inappropriate and judgmental. It does not provide education or reassurance and could create unnecessary anxiety or stigma.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Cognitive: Cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia include impairments in memory, attention, executive functioning, and problem-solving. Echolalia does not represent a cognitive deficit but rather an abnormal speech pattern tied to psychotic features.

B. Positive: Echolalia, the repetition of words or phrases spoken by another, is considered a positive symptom. Positive symptoms add abnormal experiences or behaviors, such as hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized speech, making echolalia fit into this category.

C. Hallucination: Hallucinations involve false sensory perceptions such as hearing, seeing, or feeling things that are not present. Echolalia is not a sensory distortion but a speech pattern disturbance, so it does not fall into the hallucination category.

D. Negative: Negative symptoms include diminished emotional expression, alogia, avolition, and social withdrawal. Echolalia does not reflect a reduction or absence of normal behavior but rather the presence of an additional abnormal behavior.

A. "These symptoms usually result from radiation therapy; however, we will continue to monitor your laboratory studies and test results." B. "Even though it is uncomfortable, this is a good sign. It means that only the cancer cells are dying." C. "Try not to be concerned about these symptoms. Every client feels this way after having radiation therapy." D. "These symptoms are part of your disease and are an unfortunately inevitable part of living with cancer."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "These symptoms usually result from radiation therapy; however, we will continue to monitor your laboratory studies and test results.": Fatigue and weakness are common side effects of radiation because of the body’s increased energy demands and potential effects on bone marrow.

B. "Even though it is uncomfortable, this is a good sign. It means that only the cancer cells are dying.": Radiation affects both healthy and cancerous cells. Suggesting that fatigue is proof of treatment effectiveness can minimize the client’s distress and erode trust if the symptoms worsen.

C. "Try not to be concerned about these symptoms. Every client feels this way after having radiation therapy.": This dismisses the client’s unique experience and generalizes their condition. Clients need validation of their concerns, not minimization, and care must be tailored to their individual response to treatment.

D. "These symptoms are part of your disease and are an unfortunately inevitable part of living with cancer.": This statement is discouraging and increases hopelessness by linking fatigue only to the disease rather than treatment. It does not provide reassurance or promote collaborative management strategies.

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A nurse is caring for a client hospitalized with AIDS. A friend comes to visit the client and privately asks the nurse about the risk of contracting HIV when visiting the client. What is the nurse's best response?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Echolalia is what type of symptom of Schizophrenia?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The clinic nurse is caring for an adult oncology client who reports extreme fatigue and weakness after the first week of radiation therapy. Which response by the nurse would best reassure this client?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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