A nurse is caring for a client hospitalized with AIDS. A friend comes to visit the client and privately asks the nurse about the risk of contracting HIV when visiting the client. What is the nurse's best response?

"AIDS isn't transmitted by casual contact."

"You can't normally contract AIDS in a hospital setting."

"Your immune system is likely very healthy."

"Do you think that you might already have HIV?"

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. "AIDS isn't transmitted by casual contact.": HIV is transmitted through direct contact with certain body fluids (blood, semen, vaginal secretions, breast milk) and not through casual contact such as touching, hugging, or sharing objects with someone who has AIDS.

B. "You can't normally contract AIDS in a hospital setting.": While generally true due to universal precautions, this statement is vague and may not fully educate the visitor about transmission routes. It could give a false sense of security without clarifying the nature of HIV transmission.

C. "Your immune system is likely very healthy.": This does not address the visitor’s concern about HIV transmission and may be misleading. The question is about risk, not the visitor’s immune status.

D. "Do you think that you might already have HIV?": This response is inappropriate and judgmental. It does not provide education or reassurance and could create unnecessary anxiety or stigma.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. To strengthen the intercostal muscles: Pursed-lip breathing does not primarily target muscle strengthening. Instead, it helps regulate airflow and improve gas exchange, making this outcome inaccurate.

B. To promote oxygen intake: While pursed-lip breathing may indirectly improve oxygenation, its main goal is not to increase oxygen intake but to prevent air trapping and improve ventilation.

C. To strengthen the diaphragm: Diaphragmatic breathing helps strengthen the diaphragm, but pursed-lip breathing specifically works to control exhalation and prevent alveolar collapse, not muscle conditioning.

D. To promote carbon dioxide elimination: Pursed-lip breathing prolongs exhalation, reduces air trapping, and facilitates the removal of carbon dioxide, which is especially beneficial in COPD patients.

A. Kaposi Sarcoma B. Atopic Dermatitis C. Herpes simplex virus type 2 D. Oral candidiasis

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Kaposi Sarcoma: This is an AIDS-defining illness caused by human herpesvirus-8 and is characterized by painless, purplish-brown lesions on the skin and mucous membranes. It is commonly seen in clients with advanced untreated HIV infection due to severe immunosuppression.

B. Atopic Dermatitis: Atopic dermatitis presents as itchy, inflamed, and eczematous skin lesions, often with a history of allergies or asthma. It does not cause purple lesions on the skin or oral mucosa and is unrelated to untreated HIV progression.

C. Herpes simplex virus type 2: HSV-2 usually causes painful vesicular lesions in the genital or perianal region. While HIV clients are at higher risk of herpes outbreaks, the presentation is painful blisters or ulcers, not painless purplish patches.

D. Oral candidiasis: Oral candidiasis presents with white, creamy plaques on the tongue and oral mucosa that can be scraped off. It is common in HIV but looks different from purplish lesions, making it distinct from Kaposi sarcoma.

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A nurse is caring for a client hospitalized with AIDS. A friend comes to visit the client and privately asks the nurse about the risk of contracting HIV when visiting the client. What is the nurse's best response?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which is the expected outcome of pursed-lip breathing?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who has a long history of untreated HIV infection. The client presents with multiple painless, purplish skin lesions on the lower extremities and oral mucosa. Based on this finding, which of the following conditions should the nurse suspect?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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