Which ethical principle honors a client's right to self-determination?
Respect for autonomy.
Distributive justice.
Nonmaleficence.
Paternalism.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Respect for autonomy is the ethical principle that obligates healthcare providers to acknowledge and honor an individual's right to self-determination. This means clients have the fundamental right to make informed decisions about their own healthcare, including accepting or refusing treatment, provided they have the capacity to do so.
Choice B rationale
Distributive justice is the ethical principle concerned with the fair allocation of scarce resources and ensuring that benefits and burdens are distributed equitably across society. It addresses questions of fairness in healthcare access and resource allocation among populations, not individual self-determination.
Choice C rationale
Nonmaleficence is the core ethical principle to "do no harm.”. It obligates healthcare providers to refrain from actions that could intentionally or unintentionally cause injury or suffering to the client, forming a foundational duty in all medical and nursing practice.
Choice D rationale
Paternalism is an action taken for a client's benefit without their consent, often overriding their autonomous choices because the provider believes they know what is best. This concept is typically viewed as a violation of the principle of respect for autonomy, not a principle that honors it.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
CHIP (Children's Health Insurance Program) provides low-cost health coverage to children in families who earn too much money to qualify for Medicaid but cannot afford private coverage. It is not the primary program providing health benefits to active military personnel themselves.
Choice B rationale
TRICARE is the healthcare program for active-duty and retired U.S. military personnel, their families, and survivors. This comprehensive healthcare program is administered by the Defense Health Agency and provides a variety of coverage options to ensure that all eligible service members and their families receive necessary medical care.
Choice C rationale
Medicaid is a federal and state program that provides health coverage to millions of Americans, including eligible low-income adults, children, pregnant women, elderly adults, and people with disabilities. Eligibility is primarily based on income, not active military status.
Choice D rationale
Medicare is the federal health insurance program for people aged 65 or older, certain younger people with disabilities, and people with End-Stage Renal Disease (permanent kidney failure). It is not the dedicated program that covers active-duty military personnel.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The availability of public transportation is one specific dimension of a community's infrastructure (e.g., services, safety, environment). While important data to collect, assessing transportation alone is too narrow to be considered the main goal of a comprehensive community assessment, which seeks a holistic understanding of the entire population.
Choice B rationale
Identifying geographic boundaries is a necessary initial step for defining the target population and the area of study. However, this is a preliminary task for establishing scope, not the ultimate goal of the assessment, which is to analyze the data collected within those boundaries to inform intervention planning.
Choice C rationale
The main goal is to systematically collect and analyze data about a community to identify its actual and potential health problems and resources. This comprehensive assessment aims to pinpoint the most critical needs that, when addressed, will lead to the greatest improvement in the community's overall health status.
Choice D rationale
The housing infrastructure (e.g., quality, affordability, crowding) relates to the physical environment and social determinants of health. While this is an essential component of a community assessment that reveals potential needs, it is not the main goal, which is a broader identification of all population needs.
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